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生豬產(chǎn)能逐漸恢復，近一年來做了哪些努力？

2020-09-17 17:34:35 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 閱讀量：58776 評論

導讀：據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部消息，8月份全國生豬產(chǎn)能繼續(xù)較快恢復。截至目前，全國生豬存欄已連續(xù)7個月增長，豬肉市場供應正在逐步改善。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 編輯視角】 據(jù)農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部消息，8月份全國生豬產(chǎn)能繼續(xù)較快恢復。截至目前，全國生豬存欄已連續(xù)7個月增長，豬肉市場供應正在逐步改善。
 
　　具體來說，根據(jù)相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，8月份有2030個新建規(guī)模豬場投產(chǎn)，今年以來新建規(guī)模豬場投產(chǎn)累計已達11123個，去年空欄的規(guī)模豬場也有11844個復養(yǎng)。而全國年出欄500頭以上規(guī)模豬場數(shù)量也由年初的16.1萬家增長到17.1萬家，8月份新生仔豬2600萬頭，環(huán)比增長了6.7%，比今年1月份的低點增長59.5%。
 
　　農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部相關(guān)負責人表示，在接下來的第四季度，生豬供需關(guān)系將進一步緩和，豬肉價格不會高于上年同期。
 
　　除國內(nèi)生豬供應增長外，在進口方面，今年1-7月豬肉進口255.5萬噸，同比增長138.6%，其中7月份豬肉進口43.2萬噸，同比增長120.2%。隨著市場供應的逐步改善，從8月份以來，豬肉價格震蕩趨穩(wěn)，進入9月份后略有下降。9月第2周(9月7日-9月13日)全國集貿(mào)市場豬肉價格為每公斤55.65元，環(huán)比下降0.6%。據(jù)專家模擬研判，今年9-12月生豬出欄將逐月增加，累計出欄量雖低于正常年份，但比上年同期增長17.3%，供應形勢好于2019年。
 

白條豬價格曲線圖（圖片來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部網(wǎng)站）
 
　　回顧自2019年非洲豬瘟發(fā)生以來，全國生豬供應趨于緊張，豬肉價格上漲幅度猛增，到現(xiàn)在近一年時間內(nèi)，全國生豬供應已趨向平穩(wěn)，豬肉價格也不會再出現(xiàn)較大幅度增長。那么這期間國家相關(guān)部門和養(yǎng)殖戶都做了哪些努力來保障普通消費者吃到豬肉？生豬存欄連續(xù)7個月增長背后有哪些政策助力？
 
　　對生豬調(diào)出大縣資金獎勵，平均每縣600萬元
 
　　政策支持一般都離不開財政支持。資金獎勵方面，對標準化大規(guī)模養(yǎng)豬場的扶持政策有生豬調(diào)出大縣獎勵資金、能繁母豬和育肥豬保險等。目前國家財政共安排了30億元對生豬調(diào)出大縣進行獎勵，生豬調(diào)出大縣平均獎勵標準為600萬元。各地可統(tǒng)籌利用生豬調(diào)出大縣獎勵資金，支持養(yǎng)殖場開展圈舍改造、良種引進、疫情防控和消毒設施建設等。
 
　　生豬生產(chǎn)機具裝備“應補盡補”
 
　　在農(nóng)機補貼方面，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部辦公廳去年9月印發(fā)《關(guān)于加大農(nóng)機購置補貼力度支持生豬生產(chǎn)發(fā)展的通知》，要求將全國農(nóng)機購置補貼機具種類范圍內(nèi)的所有適用于生豬生產(chǎn)的機具品目原則上全部納入本省補貼范圍，“缺什么、補什么”“急事急辦”“應補盡補”；對生豬養(yǎng)殖場(戶)申領(lǐng)補貼優(yōu)先辦理、優(yōu)化服務；加大政策宣傳和技術(shù)培訓力度，引導農(nóng)機企業(yè)積極參與政策實施，支持推動廣大養(yǎng)殖場(戶)購機用機。在農(nóng)機試驗鑒定方面，指導所屬農(nóng)機鑒定機構(gòu)敞開受理能力范圍內(nèi)的鑒定申請，對省內(nèi)外農(nóng)機企業(yè)一視同仁，加快試驗鑒定，及時公布結(jié)果。積極支持農(nóng)機鑒定機構(gòu)改善檢驗檢測條件，提升試驗鑒定能力。
 
　　縮短環(huán)評管理流程，畜禽糞污資源化利用整縣推進
 
　　為盡快恢復生豬生產(chǎn)，同時兼顧資源環(huán)境保護工作，中央財政先后安排資金248.7億元，實現(xiàn)全國585個畜牧大縣畜禽糞污資源化利用整縣推進項目全覆蓋。2019年11月，生態(tài)環(huán)境部、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部聯(lián)合印發(fā)《關(guān)于進一步做好當前生豬規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖環(huán)評管理相關(guān)工作的通知》，對年出欄5000頭及以上生豬養(yǎng)殖項目探索開展環(huán)評“告知承諾制”改革試點，可不經(jīng)評估、審查直接審批，縮短建設項目環(huán)評管理流程。2020年上半年，全國已有近千個生豬養(yǎng)殖項目采用告知承諾制方式完成環(huán)評審批，涉及產(chǎn)能9000萬頭。
 
　　保障用地
 
　　生豬生產(chǎn)用地方面，2019年9月，自然資源部印發(fā)《關(guān)于保障生豬養(yǎng)殖用地有關(guān)問題的通知》，明確生豬養(yǎng)殖用地按農(nóng)用地管理，不需辦理建設用地審批手續(xù)；允許使用一般耕地，不需占補平衡；增加附屬設施用地規(guī)模，取消15畝上限。2019年12月，自然資源部會同農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部印發(fā)《關(guān)于設施農(nóng)用地管理有關(guān)問題的通知》，明確在確實難以避讓的情況下興建生豬養(yǎng)殖設施可以占用少量基本農(nóng)田，允許建設多層養(yǎng)殖設施。
 
　　此外，在金融政策支持方面，允許加大信貸支持力度，完善臨時貸款貼息補助政策，增強政策性農(nóng)業(yè)信貸擔保作用等均在一定程度上促進了生豬生產(chǎn)恢復。
 
　　結(jié)語：2019年底印發(fā)的《加快生豬生產(chǎn)恢復發(fā)展三年行動方案》提出了“確保2020年年底前產(chǎn)能基本恢復到接近常年的水平，2021年恢復正常”的目標，從目前情況看，實現(xiàn)這一目標指日可待。

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