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農(nóng)資快訊:各地化肥農(nóng)藥減量增效成效顯著

2018-07-24 11:51:50 來源:中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量:40201 評論

導(dǎo)讀:近些年我國糧食連年豐收,化肥農(nóng)藥功不可沒,但同時對環(huán)境造成了一定的影響。在4月25日舉辦的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部新聞發(fā)布會上,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司副司長潘文博表示,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將圍繞質(zhì)量興農(nóng)、綠色興農(nóng),深入推進(jìn)化肥農(nóng)藥使用量零增長行動,確?;兽r(nóng)藥減量增效取得新成效。目前,各地積極推進(jìn)化肥農(nóng)藥減量增效,成效顯著。

  【中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】 近些年我國糧食連年豐收,化肥農(nóng)藥功不可沒,但同時對環(huán)境造成了一定的影響。在4月25日舉辦的農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部新聞發(fā)布會上,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司副司長潘文博表示,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將圍繞質(zhì)量興農(nóng)、綠色興農(nóng),深入推進(jìn)化肥農(nóng)藥使用量零增長行動,確保化肥農(nóng)藥減量增效取得新成效。目前,各地積極推進(jìn)化肥農(nóng)藥減量增效,成效顯著。
 
  銀川:“三減”工作推動農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展
 
  今年以來,銀川市將減化肥、減農(nóng)藥、減除草劑的“三減”工作作為農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展的重中之重。根據(jù)規(guī)劃,2018年至2020年,該市化肥用量、化學(xué)農(nóng)藥和除草劑畝均施用量每年同比分別下降20%、15%、10%。到2020年化肥利用率達(dá)到38%以上,農(nóng)藥利用率達(dá)到40%以上,施藥機(jī)械標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化率達(dá)到80%以上。
 
  在各種植基地,銀川市通過實(shí)施測土配方施肥,應(yīng)用測土施肥施肥系統(tǒng)等現(xiàn)代手段,實(shí)現(xiàn)施肥。今年,全市大力推廣測土配方施肥130萬畝,覆蓋率達(dá)92.2%,該技術(shù)每畝比農(nóng)民常規(guī)施肥節(jié)省化肥8公斤,可節(jié)肥1.04萬噸;通過開展有機(jī)肥替代化肥行動,實(shí)施有機(jī)肥替代化肥、鹽堿改良、耕地質(zhì)量提升等項(xiàng)目21.4萬畝,可比農(nóng)民常規(guī)施肥減少化肥使用量每畝15公斤,每畝節(jié)本增效在30元以上。
 
  在農(nóng)藥減量控害方面,銀川市實(shí)施“換藥械、降藥量、減藥害”行動,通過大面積使用植保無人機(jī)、先進(jìn)植保機(jī)械,提高了農(nóng)藥施用效果,杜絕了過去“跑冒滴漏”的現(xiàn)象。據(jù)測算,*一項(xiàng)可減少農(nóng)藥用量10%,預(yù)計(jì)今年僅無人機(jī)飛防面積達(dá)35萬畝。
 
  重慶:積極推進(jìn)農(nóng)村面源污染,化肥農(nóng)藥減量增效見成效
 
  據(jù)悉,重慶市從今年起將用兩年時間對化肥農(nóng)藥、畜禽糞污、農(nóng)作物秸稈、廢棄農(nóng)膜等農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染進(jìn)行全面治理。到2020年,全市化肥農(nóng)藥使用量將實(shí)現(xiàn)減量增效,主要農(nóng)作物測土配方施肥技術(shù)覆蓋率將達(dá)到93%。
 
  近年來,全市通過畜禽污染治理、化肥農(nóng)藥減量、秸稈資源化利用等措施,在農(nóng)業(yè)環(huán)保工作中取得成效。去年,全市農(nóng)作物化肥使用量較上年減少0.7%,農(nóng)藥使用量同比減少0.8%。今年起,全市將用兩年時間,按照“一控兩減三基本”的目標(biāo),對農(nóng)村面源污染進(jìn)行全面治理。通過推廣測土配方施肥等技術(shù)來實(shí)現(xiàn)化肥農(nóng)藥使用量減量增效,到2020年,全市主要農(nóng)作物測土配方施肥技術(shù)覆蓋率將達(dá)到93%,肥料利用率達(dá)到40%,農(nóng)作物病蟲害統(tǒng)防統(tǒng)治率達(dá)到40%以上。
 
  安徽寧國:推廣土肥技術(shù),化肥施用量連續(xù)兩年負(fù)增長
 
  近日,2018年全國化肥減量增效技術(shù)培訓(xùn)活動在寧國市舉行,這也是農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部在安徽省對化肥減量增效技術(shù)進(jìn)行集中培訓(xùn)。來自全國30多個省市的百余位技術(shù)人員、農(nóng)業(yè)專家,參觀了地處寧國市中溪鎮(zhèn)石口村的耕地質(zhì)量監(jiān)測和化肥減量增效示范基地和司爾特水稻“原漿合成—護(hù)土營養(yǎng)肥”示范區(qū)。寧國示范基地在土肥技術(shù)方面將化肥減量增效與有機(jī)肥施用與替代、綠肥種植等各項(xiàng)技術(shù)綜合起來,效果十分顯著。
 
  據(jù)了解,近年來,寧國市大力推廣測土配方施肥、水肥一體化、綠肥種植、農(nóng)作物秸稈綜合利用、畜禽糞便肥料利用等減肥增效技術(shù),通過建設(shè)試驗(yàn)示范基地,推進(jìn)這項(xiàng)技術(shù)的應(yīng)用,取得了顯著效果。2016年至2017年,該市連續(xù)兩年化肥施用量呈現(xiàn)負(fù)增長。該市還通過建設(shè)“綠色增產(chǎn)增效種植模式示范基地”、普及推廣“一季稻一季綠肥”以及“稻鴨共育”生產(chǎn)技術(shù),引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民從事有機(jī)稻生產(chǎn),進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)了農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)提質(zhì)增效。
 
  結(jié)語
 
  農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部部長韓長賦表示,化肥農(nóng)藥用量過多,不僅增加生產(chǎn)成本,也給生態(tài)環(huán)境帶來負(fù)面影響。為此,農(nóng)業(yè)部提出力爭到2020年主要農(nóng)作物化肥使用量、農(nóng)藥使用總量實(shí)現(xiàn)零增長。目前,我國農(nóng)藥使用量已經(jīng)連續(xù)3年負(fù)增長,化肥使用量已實(shí)現(xiàn)零增長。下一步,農(nóng)業(yè)部門將按照綠色興農(nóng)號召,大力推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)綠色發(fā)展,抓重點(diǎn)品種,抓新型主體,大力推進(jìn)創(chuàng)新、科技創(chuàng)新,繼續(xù)推進(jìn)化肥農(nóng)藥的減量和提效,使農(nóng)業(yè)實(shí)現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)向升級,加快農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化步伐和鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施。
 
  本文由中國農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:央廣網(wǎng)、廣州日報(bào)、寧夏日報(bào),如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。
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