今日要聞

2024年大麥生產(chǎn)指導(dǎo)意見

2024-05-13 09:44:50 來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部小宗糧豆專家指導(dǎo)組、全國農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)中心 閱讀量：19081 評論

導(dǎo)讀：全國農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)中心會同農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部小宗糧豆專家指導(dǎo)組，以“南方科學(xué)施肥、防澇抗倒；北方精細整地、高質(zhì)量播種”為重點，提出了2024年大麥生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】 為加強大麥生產(chǎn)指導(dǎo)，促進全年穩(wěn)產(chǎn)增產(chǎn)，根據(jù)不同大麥產(chǎn)區(qū)生產(chǎn)特點、氣候條件，全國農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務(wù)中心會同農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部小宗糧豆專家指導(dǎo)組，以“南方科學(xué)施肥、防澇抗倒；北方精細整地、高質(zhì)量播種”為重點，提出了2024年大麥生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導(dǎo)意見。
 
　　一、南方冬大麥區(qū)
 
　　（一）科學(xué)施肥。根據(jù)田間苗情長勢、凍害恢復(fù)情況及大麥用途，施用拔節(jié)孕穗肥和穗肥。啤用大麥在第一節(jié)間伸長到第二節(jié)間伸長期間(葉齡余數(shù)3.0左右)追施拔節(jié)孕穗肥，一般畝施尿素10公斤左右，復(fù)合肥12.5—15公斤，早茬口旺長田復(fù)合肥減少用量。為防止籽粒蛋白質(zhì)含量偏高，啤酒大麥嚴禁施用穗肥，可結(jié)合病蟲防治，噴施葉面肥。飼用或青貯大麥除在第一節(jié)間伸長期間(葉齡余數(shù)3.5左右)追施拔節(jié)肥孕穗肥外，旗葉抽出期追施尿素5—7.5公斤作為穗肥。
 
　　（二）防澇抗倒。長江中下游預(yù)期中后期降水多的麥區(qū)，要全面系統(tǒng)檢查和清理田間溝系，及時疏通排水不暢的橫、豎溝，保持進、排溝通暢，盡可能的降低進、排河水位，特別是機械拋肥、噴藥后造成的橫溝堵塞，冬季凍融后的缺口塌方，做到雨止田間無明水，做好排澇防漬準備。適時化控防倒，拔節(jié)前一個葉齡，對群體莖蘗數(shù)超過80萬/畝的晚茬大麥田塊，噴施植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑對基本節(jié)間進行化控；群體莖蘗數(shù)超過100萬/畝早茬大麥田塊，在拔節(jié)期用植物生長調(diào)節(jié)劑對基本節(jié)間再化控一次。
 
　　（三）防治病蟲草害。注重雜草防控，加大調(diào)查力度，一旦發(fā)現(xiàn)雜草殘留較重的地段，在拔節(jié)前的冷尾暖頭，及時采取人工、化學(xué)除草。加強病蟲防治，經(jīng)常性調(diào)查田間白粉病、蚜蟲和麥圓蜘蛛發(fā)生動態(tài)，群體偏大、早播的田塊、易感病品種要重點調(diào)查病蟲害發(fā)展情況，做到早發(fā)現(xiàn)早防治。對于白粉病嚴重地塊，間隔14—15天進行第二次藥劑防治。根據(jù)麥蚜和麥圓蜘蛛發(fā)生情況，可采用化學(xué)藥劑噴霧，蟲量較大時可間隔7—10天連續(xù)防治2次。
 
　　二、北方春大麥區(qū)
 
　　（一）合理選地整地。大麥對前茬作物要求不嚴，但仍應(yīng)盡量避免連作。灌溉地區(qū)優(yōu)良前茬一般為玉米、甜菜、油菜、馬鈴薯、豆類、瓜類及向日葵等中耕作物。旱作地區(qū)則避免與玉米、向日葵等田間耗水量大的作物倒茬。在豆類、綠肥作物和苜蓿等作物之后種植大麥時，須少施氮肥，增加磷、鉀肥。春大麥生育期短、根系發(fā)育弱，整地工作要做到“早、深、多、細”，充分熟化土壤，創(chuàng)造松軟細綿、上虛下實的土壤條件。為適時早播，提高播種質(zhì)量，保證苗全、苗齊、苗壯，提供深、細、平、實的土壤環(huán)境。北方地區(qū)春大麥適宜旱地、灌溉地和鹽堿地，其耕作方法均應(yīng)圍繞納雨保墑和熟化土壤來進行。
 
　　（二）高質(zhì)量適時早播。落實種子包衣、藥劑拌種技術(shù)，減少“白籽”下地。多種病蟲混合重發(fā)區(qū)，要因地制宜合理選用殺菌劑和殺蟲劑復(fù)配拌種。春大麥宜適期早播，以利多生根、生長根、增分蘗，北方春大麥區(qū)適宜播種期以平均氣溫0℃—2℃、表土化凍5—10厘米，在夜凍午消時搶時播種為宜。根據(jù)地力條件、播種期和品種等確定播量，一般每畝15—20公斤，土壤肥力水平過高時，播種量不宜過大；早播分蘗成穗率高可適當(dāng)少播，晚播分蘗成穗率低則應(yīng)適當(dāng)加大播量；早熟成穗率低品種適當(dāng)多播，晚熟成穗率高品種適當(dāng)少播；高海拔地區(qū)適當(dāng)增加播量，低海拔地區(qū)適當(dāng)減少播量。注意提高播種均勻度，做到行距一致、播量準確、深淺一致，嚴格控制播種深度，3—4厘米為宜；同等條件下，旱地宜深些，灌溉地宜淺些；土地肥沃、土壤質(zhì)地好的可深些，反之則淺些；沙質(zhì)土壤可深些，鹽堿地和黏性大的土壤可淺些；土壤墑情差可深些，墑情好可淺些；大粒種子可深些，小粒種子可淺些。做好播后鎮(zhèn)壓，主要是壓碎土塊，沉實土壤，彌住裂縫，使種子與土壤緊密接觸。
 
　　（三）科學(xué)田間管理。抓好養(yǎng)分管理，按照“基肥足、追肥早”的原則科學(xué)施肥，一般基肥畝施純氮8—12公斤、純磷8—16公斤(氮磷比接近1:1—1:1.3)、鉀肥5公斤，以促進壯苗早發(fā)和品質(zhì)改善。抓好水分管理，若全生育期澆3次水，一般第一水在三葉期或三葉一心期澆，間隔30—40天第二水約挑旗至抽穗期澆，第三水蠟熟期澆；若全生育期澆兩水，第一水三葉期或三葉一心期澆，間隔40天后第二水在開花期或灌漿初期澆為宜；在水利條件差，水源不足，全生育期只能澆一水的地方，應(yīng)以灌漿初期澆水為宜。在大麥生長后期注意天氣狀況，灌溉應(yīng)在晴朗無風(fēng)的條件下進行，嚴格控制灌水量以防倒伏，同時兼顧選擇抗倒伏的優(yōu)良品種和適宜栽培技術(shù)防倒。抓好除草防蟲，利用田化學(xué)除草的有利時機，一般在大麥4—5葉到進入分蘗期時，使用5%唑啉草酯乳油等噴施。大麥田間主要蟲害為蚜蟲，宜在發(fā)生初期防治。

上一篇： 加快丘陵山區(qū)適用小型機械研發(fā)制造！浙江省力爭2027年農(nóng)機裝備產(chǎn)業(yè)工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值超1000億元

下一篇：油菜應(yīng)對連陰雨及時搶收減損技術(shù)意見

我要評論
文明上網(wǎng)，理性發(fā)言。（您還可以輸入200個字符)

所有評論僅代表網(wǎng)友意見，與本站立場無關(guān)。

產(chǎn)品推薦 更多

[{"ID":"3200985","Picture":"mt0001/bc84567bfd36087efdcfb4bc39ea0a79c20ec31a0e36e34d5fbb2eee889bb4a03e81c24951de93a6.jpg","PictureDomain":"img68","Name":"差示掃描量熱儀供應(yīng)商","Type":"","Descrip":"DZ-DSC300C是南京大展檢測儀器推出一款低溫dsc差示掃描量熱議，采用了半導(dǎo)體制冷，可進行-40℃低溫測試，可多段設(shè)置溫度，操作簡單。","CompanyName":"南京大展檢測儀器有限公司","CompanyID":"141344","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"86","City":"南京市","Address":"南京市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"68","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51558211","StandUrl":"/st141344","UpdateTime":"2024/12/22 12:51:11","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103200985","UserID":"154340","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1973114","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"陳經(jīng)理","TelPhone":"400-885-2060","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"差示掃描量熱儀、熱重分析儀、同步熱分析儀、炭黑含量測試儀、導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)測試儀和差熱分析儀等儀器的研發(fā)、制造。","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"2190","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/11/29 21:58:13","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13357721930"},{"ID":"3146143","Picture":"mt0001/62b67f438055e75401f1d156b46d5220b01d828f6206d975678774d9730e941846756d889d63d9f0.jpg","PictureDomain":"img79","Name":"真空烘箱多少錢","Type":"","Descrip":"DZF6050真空烘箱廣泛應(yīng)用于生物化學(xué)、化工制藥、醫(yī)療衛(wèi)生、農(nóng)業(yè)科研、環(huán)境保護等研究領(lǐng)域，作粉末干燥、烘焙以及各類玻璃容器的消毒和滅菌之用。特別適合對于干燥熱敏性、易氧化分解和復(fù)雜成分物品進行快速高效的干燥處理。","CompanyName":"寧波賽茵儀器有限公司","CompanyID":"140663","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"100","City":"寧波市","Address":"寧波市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"89","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51558210","StandUrl":"/st140663","UpdateTime":"2024/12/22 12:50:24","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103146143","UserID":"153653","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1946451","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"夏三宇","TelPhone":"86-0574-88365938","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"真空烘箱,恒溫干燥箱,培養(yǎng)箱,恒溫恒濕箱","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"4083","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/9/23 2:04:50","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13616560682"},{"ID":"2815070","Picture":"00450ea57bc9bc7d6cf886ffc049af08e44aa2b6aee5aa43bb908f86fffd1fd184aa81d2c3ebae0b.jpg","PictureDomain":"img64","Name":"實驗室旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)儀","Type":"N-1210BV-W","Descrip":"旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)儀應(yīng)用領(lǐng)域：生命科學(xué)1、密封度高、可以達到較低真空度。2、蒸發(fā)能力強。3、密封墊防腐處理、可以有效耐受有機溶劑。4、設(shè)計緊湊、清潔簡單、使用壽命長、性價比高。5、設(shè)計、自動升降。","CompanyName":"杭州嘉維創(chuàng)新科技有限公司","CompanyID":"130477","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"99","City":"杭州市","Address":"杭州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"105","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51558209","StandUrl":"/st130477","UpdateTime":"2024/12/22 12:49:04","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102815070","UserID":"143466","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1746616","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"徐先生","TelPhone":"0571-88397290　88397291　88391928","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"旋轉(zhuǎn)蒸發(fā)儀；試管濃縮儀；薄膜蒸發(fā)儀；氮吹儀；液相層析儀；逆流色譜儀；生物反應(yīng)器；發(fā)酵罐；厭氧培養(yǎng)箱；旋轉(zhuǎn)培養(yǎng)器搖床；細胞計數(shù)儀；細胞活力分析儀；高壓均質(zhì)機；細胞破碎儀；噴霧干燥機；冷凍干燥機；旋光儀；抗氧化基分析儀；自由基分析儀；定氮儀；纖維測定儀；脂肪測定儀；酶標儀；多功能微孔板檢測儀；冷卻水循環(huán)裝置；恒溫循環(huán)裝置；振蕩器；攪拌器；搖床；超臨界萃取裝置；紅外熱像儀；原子力顯微鏡；氣體發(fā)生器；純水裝置；液氮機","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"19999","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2023/9/4 10:40:43","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13336057879"},{"ID":"2936213","Picture":"5646a23e59c232715ee61a7bf0b5d5f6c8475c8e6fa35a8bf364d5bfcaae62e6c7fa6e3f24ca428e.jpg","PictureDomain":"img80","Name":"煤炭速度檢測儀","Type":"","Descrip":"皮帶速度智能檢測儀SJK-1（帶轉(zhuǎn)速探頭）用于對輸送機進行線性檢測的新型裝置,對帶速進行實時檢測.已廣泛用于輸送系統(tǒng)中的膠帶上,為膠帶機的安全運行提供了可靠的檢測手段","CompanyName":"麻城施邁賽工業(yè)自動化有限公司","CompanyID":"129135","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"191","City":"黃岡市","Address":"黃岡市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"59","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51558209","StandUrl":"/st129135","UpdateTime":"2024/12/22 12:49:17","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"102936213","UserID":"142124","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1687974","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"向楊","TelPhone":"0713-2117311","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"接近開關(guān)、光電開關(guān)、拉繩開關(guān)、跑偏開關(guān)、打滑開關(guān)、磁性開關(guān)、傾斜開關(guān)、縱向撕裂開關(guān)、溜槽堵塞開關(guān)、行程開關(guān)","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"31340","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/3/21 15:06:49","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13636102066"},{"ID":"3179644","Picture":"5eceadd4559dcfd2e8cf6f390a4b4e55f05b7c9228f362e614aa87db9ab9f06b9e71512ec0296d88.jpg","PictureDomain":"img64","Name":"GHC-2電纜滑車廠家","Type":"10號、12號、14號、16號、18號","Descrip":"工字鋼電纜滑車系列為起重機小車供電的一種導(dǎo)電形式，它由行走輪、支架、托板組成，將軟電纜固定在托板上，由牽引架與工字鋼電纜滑車同步，從而實現(xiàn)電纜供電目的。","CompanyName":"揚州市天翔電氣有限公司","CompanyID":"128919","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"95","City":"揚州市","Address":"揚州市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"395","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51558209","StandUrl":"/st128919","UpdateTime":"2024/12/22 12:49:17","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"0","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103179644","UserID":"141908","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1670641","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"柏海嬌","TelPhone":"0514-88276827","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"電纜滑線，單極滑觸線，多極滑觸線，行車滑觸線，無接縫滑觸線，剛體滑觸線，滑觸線集電器，滑觸線配件，電纜橋架，母線槽","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"18185","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/11/6 6:16:48","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"18118278897"},{"ID":"3180972","Picture":"mt0001/dc0620ef491df177b43e9c9c05ec6ced2183461d095865bfb802c9a4247f0055c6b92e3a55dc3b01.png","PictureDomain":"img61","Name":"供應(yīng)硝酸分析儀價格","Type":"HONO2-WLPAP","Descrip":"HONO2-WLPAP大氣硝酸在線分析儀采用鎘還原法將硝酸根還原為亞硝酸根，全流程質(zhì)控設(shè)置，可實現(xiàn)從HONO吸收到校準的全流程質(zhì)控。","CompanyName":"北京馳晟儀器科技有限公司","CompanyID":"141121","MarketPrice":"0","PsOrder":"0","PgID":"110","MaxOrder":"0","CityID":"1","City":"北京市","Address":"北京市","PropertysValue":"","HitNumber":"83","FrontShow":"0","IsCharges":"1","Year":"1","StarNum":"1","UpdateAndClientSort":"51558208","StandUrl":"/st141121","UpdateTime":"2024/12/22 12:48:07","TodayIsUpdate":"1","AttType":"0","AttState":"3","AttAddType":"3","IsSeoCreate":"0","IsOnlinePay":"0","MinPrice":"0.00","MaxPrice":"0.00","ClassID":"21002","productonlinetime":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","OnLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","DownLineDate":"1900/1/1 0:00:00","BrandPicDomin":"","BrandPicName":"","BrandProperty":"","PBrandID":"0","IsHadVideo":"0","VideoTime":"0","ShowPrice":"0.00","IndustrySort":"1020000","HasPicSort":"103180972","UserID":"154111","PriceType":"0","PictureID":"1964971","CompanyTypeID":"5","Tag":"","LinkMan":"侯旭朝","TelPhone":"86-010-60724811","ClassName":"其它","ComProduct":"分析儀器，環(huán)境分析儀器，進口二手色譜，實驗室儀器維護","BrandNameCH":"","IsShow":"1","MarketPrice2":"0","RetailPrice":"0","ComHitnumber":"2863","MarketUpdateTime":"","CreateTime":"2024/11/8 7:01:03","Flag":"1","PackageName":"營銷寶會員","ClientSort":"0","CsName":"","Reprint":"2","FeedBackMsg":"","EnUrl":"","MobilePhone":"13810462156"}]