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收割機(jī)為何會(huì)起火？如何防范與應(yīng)對(duì)？

2022-07-25 14:33:06 來源：農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：34135 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：每到農(nóng)忙季，收割機(jī)著火的安全事故頻繁發(fā)生。大多數(shù)原因源自操作機(jī)手的安全意識(shí)薄弱，操作不規(guī)范，或在作業(yè)前沒有做好機(jī)器的安全檢查等。以下為收割機(jī)常見起火原因，須牢記并作好防范：

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 編輯視角】聯(lián)合收割機(jī)使收割與脫粒機(jī)結(jié)合在一個(gè)整件中，使農(nóng)民能以單一的操作去完成收割和脫粒。從而節(jié)省了人力物力，大大減輕了農(nóng)民的負(fù)擔(dān)。收割機(jī)的出現(xiàn)，大大縮短了農(nóng)民朋友的收割時(shí)間。但如果操作使用不當(dāng)，即使是產(chǎn)生了一顆小小的火星，也有可能變成燎原大火。
 
　　日前，泗縣公安局黑塔派出所接指揮中心指令稱：在泗縣黑塔鎮(zhèn)周黃村袁莊正在麥田里收割的一臺(tái)聯(lián)合收割機(jī)突然著火，要求前往處置。接警后，黑塔派出所民輔警立即駕駛消防車攜帶滅火器趕往現(xiàn)場(chǎng)。只見一臺(tái)聯(lián)合收割機(jī)尾部著火，民輔警立即開展撲救。經(jīng)過約30分鐘的撲救，火勢(shì)終于得到控制，所幸沒有人員傷亡和更大的財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。
 
　　每到農(nóng)忙季，收割機(jī)著火的安全事故頻繁發(fā)生。大多數(shù)原因源自操作機(jī)手的安全意識(shí)薄弱，操作不規(guī)范，或在作業(yè)前沒有做好機(jī)器的安全檢查等。
 
　　作業(yè)前準(zhǔn)備工作：首先對(duì)操作人員進(jìn)行消防安全常識(shí)教育和處置初期火災(zāi)能力培訓(xùn)，督促其隨機(jī)配齊配足必要的消防器材；其次要對(duì)進(jìn)入麥場(chǎng)作業(yè)的聯(lián)合收割機(jī)、機(jī)械、電氣設(shè)備進(jìn)行細(xì)致全面的防火安全檢查，嚴(yán)禁機(jī)電設(shè)備違章或帶病作業(yè)；三是科學(xué)合理地安排好每臺(tái)收割機(jī)的作業(yè)時(shí)間，減少發(fā)生火災(zāi)的概率，確保使用過程中的消防安全。
 
　　以下為收割機(jī)常見起火原因，須牢記并作好防范：
 
　　電路隱患：作業(yè)期間，一定要時(shí)刻注意電動(dòng)機(jī)械是否使用了裸露電線、掛鉤線，或者臨時(shí)架設(shè)的電線是否發(fā)生短路等問題。電動(dòng)機(jī)械嚴(yán)禁使用裸露電線、掛鉤線。臨時(shí)架設(shè)的電線也要固定牢靠，防止落地傷人，產(chǎn)生火災(zāi)。小麥?zhǔn)崭顧C(jī)進(jìn)地作業(yè)前，應(yīng)將田間線路斷電，否則體積龐大的收割機(jī)很容易與線路相碰，接地起火，造成燒麥、燒機(jī)事故；同時(shí)，應(yīng)佩戴防火罩和滅火器。
 
　　收割機(jī)本身線路搭鐵起火。收割機(jī)在維修時(shí)，各種油料灑落比較多。由于氣溫高，油料極易氣化，遇火即燃。為了防止此類火災(zāi)，機(jī)具操作者要經(jīng)常檢查機(jī)身線路與機(jī)體接觸部位絕緣材料是否完好。另外，當(dāng)收割機(jī)不能啟動(dòng)時(shí)，不要采用金屬物直接連接馬達(dá)的辦法啟動(dòng)；
 
　　軸承損壞，摩擦過熱起火。檢查軸承損壞的方法是：停車熄火，操作者用手直接觸摸上述部位，檢查軸承溫度，溫度過高時(shí)感覺燙手，說明軸承已壞，必須及時(shí)更換。
 
　　收割機(jī)超時(shí)工作：收割機(jī)作業(yè)時(shí)，麥子秸稈會(huì)被卷入收割機(jī)輪軸里，因收割機(jī)連續(xù)工作，輸送帶摩擦生熱，迸發(fā)火花，從而造成燒麥、燒機(jī)事故。加之夏季氣溫高，油料極易氣化，遇火即燃，引發(fā)火災(zāi)事故。
 
　　如何做好防范措施？
 
　　首先對(duì)操作人員進(jìn)行消防安全常識(shí)教育和處置初期火災(zāi)能力培訓(xùn)，督促其隨機(jī)配齊配足必要的消防器材；其次要對(duì)進(jìn)入麥場(chǎng)作業(yè)的聯(lián)合收割機(jī)、機(jī)械、電氣設(shè)備進(jìn)行細(xì)致全面的防火安全檢查，嚴(yán)禁機(jī)電設(shè)備違章或帶病作業(yè)；三是科學(xué)合理地安排好每臺(tái)收割機(jī)的作業(yè)時(shí)間，減少發(fā)生火災(zāi)的概率，確保使用過程中的消防安全。
 
　　發(fā)生火災(zāi)后的應(yīng)對(duì)措施：
 
　　保持鎮(zhèn)定，不要驚慌，迅速撲救小火。因?yàn)榛馂?zāi)初期是大火最容易撲滅的階段，把握住了這一點(diǎn)，就能有效降低財(cái)產(chǎn)損失。
 
　　需要注意的是，在撲救過程中，要站在火焰的上風(fēng)處，防止自身受傷。同時(shí)，立即撥打火警電話119，向消防救援機(jī)構(gòu)請(qǐng)求幫助。
 
　　積極開展自救，例如開辟和其他麥場(chǎng)及可燃物之間的隔離帶，減緩火災(zāi)的蔓延，并對(duì)鄰近的可燃物進(jìn)行噴淋，防止飛火釀成大災(zāi)。
 
　　注：本文由農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)(balpclean.com)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：安徽網(wǎng)、大河網(wǎng)、市場(chǎng)新觀察。
 

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