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不久的未來，你或許會成為致富新群體中的一員

2019-09-26 17:26:39 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：林言 閱讀量：45023 評論

導(dǎo)讀：國家始終重視“三農(nóng)”問題，而土地又是“三農(nóng)”的重中之重，這些利好政策直接關(guān)系到農(nóng)民的利益，在農(nóng)民切身利益問題上只做加法不做減法。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 編輯視角】 我國農(nóng)村人口眾多，現(xiàn)在國家大力提倡鄉(xiāng)村振興，而鄉(xiāng)村振興關(guān)鍵問題在于盤活農(nóng)村土地資源。一直以來，土地問題始終是中國農(nóng)村改革的核心，農(nóng)村土地改革涉及到億萬農(nóng)民切身利益、關(guān)乎國計民生。
 
　　當今社會什么值錢？答案是土地。在一、二線大城市，房子值錢，然而房價高的離譜，讓大多數(shù)普通人*。相對的，在農(nóng)村，土地是有價值的?；蛟S有人認為農(nóng)村土地不就是種田和宅基地嗎？這有什么值錢的？對，一直以來人們爭破頭想要擠進大城市，逃離農(nóng)村和種地，導(dǎo)致農(nóng)村空心化越來越嚴重。但是，不久的將來，在國家眾多利好政策支持下，農(nóng)村將成為“香餑餑”，農(nóng)民也會變成讓人羨慕的職業(yè)。

 
       “三權(quán)分置”為農(nóng)民增收提供制度保障
 
　　早在2016年，中辦國辦印發(fā)了《關(guān)于完善農(nóng)村土地所有權(quán)承包權(quán)經(jīng)營權(quán)分置辦法的意見》，對“三權(quán)分置”作出系統(tǒng)全面的制度安排。實行“三權(quán)分置”，堅持集體所有權(quán)，穩(wěn)定農(nóng)戶承包權(quán)，放活土地經(jīng)營權(quán)，實現(xiàn)了農(nóng)民集體、承包農(nóng)戶、新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體對土地權(quán)利的共享，為促進農(nóng)村資源要素合理配置、引導(dǎo)土地經(jīng)營權(quán)流轉(zhuǎn)、發(fā)展多種形式適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營奠定了制度基礎(chǔ)，使我國農(nóng)村基本經(jīng)營制度煥發(fā)出新的生機和活力。
 
　　“三權(quán)”分置，是在集體土地所有權(quán)的基礎(chǔ)上，將承包經(jīng)營權(quán)拆分開，承包權(quán)歸承包戶，經(jīng)營權(quán)可以流轉(zhuǎn)。這是繼家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制之后，中國農(nóng)村改革的又一大制度創(chuàng)新。據(jù)數(shù)據(jù)統(tǒng)計，截至2018年底，全國家庭承包耕地流轉(zhuǎn)面積為5.39億畝。
 
　　大規(guī)模的土地經(jīng)營流轉(zhuǎn)意味著多種形式的適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營。我們知道，要發(fā)展現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)、實現(xiàn)農(nóng)民增收，主要的形式便是農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模化、標準化。“三權(quán)分置”多項舉措保障了新型經(jīng)營者權(quán)益，讓農(nóng)民增收有了新路徑和制度保證，可是說是給農(nóng)民吃了“定心丸”。隨著土地流轉(zhuǎn)規(guī)模不斷擴大、農(nóng)業(yè)全面機械化不斷發(fā)展，農(nóng)民將不再是“貧窮”、“勞累”的代名詞，而是大規(guī)模農(nóng)場及家庭農(nóng)場的擁有者，是新型農(nóng)村的致富人群。
 
　　新土地管理法明年實施，農(nóng)民受益良多
 
　　今年8月26日，第十三屆全國人大常委會第十二次會議審議通過了關(guān)于修改土地管理法的決定，新修訂的土地管理法自2020年1月1日起施行。此次修改土地管理法，堅持土地公有制不動搖，堅持農(nóng)民利益不受損，堅持嚴格的耕地保護制度和嚴格的節(jié)約集約用地制度，依法保障農(nóng)村土地征收、集體經(jīng)營性建設(shè)用地入市、宅基地管理制度等改革在全國范圍內(nèi)實行。這對于賦予農(nóng)民更多財產(chǎn)權(quán)利、保障農(nóng)民合法權(quán)益、促進鄉(xiāng)村振興、推動城鄉(xiāng)融合發(fā)展具有重要意義。
 
　　此次修改土地管理法，引起大眾熱議的就是集體經(jīng)營性土地入市，是這次《土地管理法》修改的大亮點，是對現(xiàn)行土地管理制度的一個重大突破。
 
　　長期以來，我國土地制度的一個重要特點，就是實行對集體土地的統(tǒng)一征收管理，這意味著除了農(nóng)民住房用地和鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)企業(yè)用地，以及農(nóng)村的公共事業(yè)用地以外，其他用地必須實行征收，并轉(zhuǎn)為國有土地，再由政府進行統(tǒng)一供應(yīng)。
 
　　而此次土地管理法修改，允許集體土地直接入市，這意味著農(nóng)村集體經(jīng)營性建設(shè)用地可以和國有建設(shè)用地享受同等的待遇，同等入市，同權(quán)同價。這改變了過去農(nóng)村的土地必須征為國有才能進入市場的問題，為城鄉(xiāng)一體化發(fā)展掃除了制度性的障礙。農(nóng)房抵押、有償退出、流轉(zhuǎn)等制度設(shè)計，能夠為農(nóng)民直接增加財產(chǎn)性的收入。
 
　　結(jié)語：國家始終重視“三農(nóng)”問題，而土地又是“三農(nóng)”的重中之重，這些利好政策直接關(guān)系到農(nóng)民的利益，在農(nóng)民切身利益問題上只做加法不做減法?？偟膩碚f，未來的農(nóng)村或許發(fā)生天翻地覆的變化，與高壓力的大城市相比，農(nóng)村的資源更會成為大家爭相競爭的“香餑餑”。

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