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甘蔗應對臺風暴雨生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導意見

2024-07-26 09:03:08 來源：全國農(nóng)機推廣中心 閱讀量：20277 評論

導讀：為防范和減輕災害影響，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司會同全國農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務中心、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部糖料專家指導組，研究提出甘蔗應對臺風暴雨生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導意見。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】 根據(jù)氣象部門預報，今年第3號臺風“格美”將于7月25日在福建中部到浙江南部一帶沿海登陸，最強可達強臺風級或超強臺風級。臺風影響區(qū)域會出現(xiàn)強風暴雨，可能造成甘蔗折斷、倒伏和澇害，對甘蔗產(chǎn)量和糖分含量帶來嚴重影響。為防范和減輕災害影響，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部種植業(yè)管理司會同全國農(nóng)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣服務中心、農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部糖料專家指導組，研究提出甘蔗應對臺風暴雨生產(chǎn)技術(shù)指導意見。
 
　　提前剝除老葉
 
　　臺風來臨前及時剝除甘蔗老葉，增強蔗田通風透氣透光性，減少與臺風接觸面積，增強新葉光合作用，使植株生長健壯，降低病蟲害發(fā)生率，提高抗倒伏能力。
 
　　及時扶正培土
 
　　臺風過后，要將倒伏的甘蔗植株及時扶正，可用繩子在植株三分之二高處將兩行甘蔗捆成人字形。對于稍矮的甘蔗可將相鄰的植株捆成一束，保持直立狀態(tài)，并培土壓實蔗根。扶正的甘蔗植株恢復生長15天后，可解開捆綁物恢復正常生長。
 
　　抓緊搶排積水
 
　　臺風帶來短時強降雨，發(fā)生澇害的低洼蔗田，要盡快排除田間積水，避免浸泡時間過長造成甘蔗根系缺氧甚至爛根死亡。
 
　　適時追施肥料
 
　　臺風過后，要追施一次肥料，氮、磷、鉀肥配合施用，每畝施用甘蔗復合肥20千克，或施尿素10千克、磷肥20千克、鉀肥5千克。追肥時配合進行培土，使蔗根多生、深扎，以提高抗倒伏能力。
 
　　防治病蟲鼠害
 
　　臺風過后易引起梢腐病、蚜蟲、螟蟲、薊馬等病蟲害發(fā)生，要加強田間管理，及時噴灑殺蟲、殺菌藥物進行防治。臺風引起甘蔗植株倒伏的地塊，容易招致鼠害，臺風過后要及時將殺鼠毒餌投放在蔗田周圍，開展蔗田滅鼠工作。

上一篇： 玉米應對臺風影響及災后恢復生產(chǎn)技術(shù)意見

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