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大面積單產(chǎn)提升行動(dòng)成效初顯，全國(guó)糧食產(chǎn)量創(chuàng)歷史新高

2023-12-18 09:47:42 來(lái)源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部新聞辦 閱讀量：14444 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：據(jù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)，全年糧食產(chǎn)量再創(chuàng)歷史新高，達(dá)到13908.2億斤、增產(chǎn)177.6億斤，糧食平均畝產(chǎn)389.7公斤、提高2.9公斤，單產(chǎn)提高對(duì)增產(chǎn)的貢獻(xiàn)達(dá)到58.7%。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】今年，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部啟動(dòng)糧油等主要農(nóng)作物大面積單產(chǎn)提升行動(dòng)，會(huì)同國(guó)家發(fā)展改革委、財(cái)政部統(tǒng)籌整合200多億元，在100個(gè)大豆、200個(gè)玉米重點(diǎn)縣整建制推進(jìn)，從耕種管收、地種肥藥全領(lǐng)域全環(huán)節(jié)找短板、補(bǔ)弱項(xiàng)，針對(duì)性地拿出良田、良種、良法、良機(jī)、良制“五良”集成組裝的綜合性解決方案，效果明顯。在局部地方受災(zāi)較重的情況下，大面積單產(chǎn)提升有效對(duì)沖了災(zāi)害影響，實(shí)現(xiàn)了以豐補(bǔ)欠、以秋補(bǔ)夏。據(jù)國(guó)家統(tǒng)計(jì)局?jǐn)?shù)據(jù)，全年糧食產(chǎn)量再創(chuàng)歷史新高，達(dá)到13908.2億斤、增產(chǎn)177.6億斤，糧食平均畝產(chǎn)389.7公斤、提高2.9公斤，單產(chǎn)提高對(duì)增產(chǎn)的貢獻(xiàn)達(dá)到58.7%。
 
　　種植密度普遍增加。密度增加是今年大豆玉米單產(chǎn)提升的重要因素和顯著特點(diǎn)。各省份圍繞增加種植密度這個(gè)關(guān)鍵，重點(diǎn)推廣大豆高臺(tái)大壟密植、玉米增密精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控等高產(chǎn)技術(shù)，整建制示范縣種植密度增加明顯。東北四省區(qū)推廣大豆高臺(tái)大壟密植面積2491萬(wàn)畝、比上年增加904萬(wàn)畝，畝均密度增加6000株。黃淮海地區(qū)實(shí)施玉米單產(chǎn)提升工程，大力推廣密植精準(zhǔn)調(diào)控技術(shù)，30萬(wàn)畝項(xiàng)目區(qū)畝均密度提高500株以上，示范帶動(dòng)德州市兩季“噸半糧”102萬(wàn)畝。河南狠抓秋糧搶時(shí)早播、良種推廣、增加密度等十項(xiàng)措施，全省玉米平均密度達(dá)到4400株以上，較上年提高200株以上。內(nèi)蒙古杭錦后旗實(shí)施玉米單產(chǎn)提升工程，20萬(wàn)畝項(xiàng)目區(qū)玉米平均畝種植密度達(dá)到5500株，比非項(xiàng)目區(qū)多750株左右。
 
　　大面積單產(chǎn)明顯提升。各地扎實(shí)推進(jìn)單產(chǎn)提升，在綠色高產(chǎn)高效、單產(chǎn)提升工程等項(xiàng)目的支持帶動(dòng)下，各地高產(chǎn)典型呈現(xiàn)出連片面積大、案例數(shù)量多、季季產(chǎn)量高等新特點(diǎn)。新疆額敏縣10萬(wàn)畝玉米單產(chǎn)提升工程項(xiàng)目區(qū)平均畝產(chǎn)1034公斤、提高135.4公斤，成為大面積創(chuàng)高產(chǎn)典型。山東齊河縣打造20萬(wàn)畝集中連片高產(chǎn)地塊，小麥、玉米兩季作物平均畝產(chǎn)合計(jì)超過(guò)1500公斤。北大荒集團(tuán)七星、友誼、八五四、八五六、八五五5個(gè)農(nóng)場(chǎng)大豆高產(chǎn)核心攻關(guān)區(qū)畝產(chǎn)均超300公斤。
 
　　大面積提單產(chǎn)在全國(guó)糧食產(chǎn)量高位增加中作用凸顯。據(jù)測(cè)算，綜合分析評(píng)估政策支持、工作推進(jìn)、氣象條件、經(jīng)濟(jì)水平等因素，開(kāi)展大面積單產(chǎn)提升行動(dòng)的整建制推進(jìn)縣糧食單產(chǎn)增長(zhǎng)率比非項(xiàng)目縣高8.8個(gè)百分點(diǎn)，300個(gè)大豆、玉米整建制推進(jìn)縣單產(chǎn)提升對(duì)糧食增產(chǎn)的貢獻(xiàn)率達(dá)到73%以上。
 

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