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吉林補貼拖拉機配套農(nóng)機具播種機械超半數(shù)，其他還有哪些？

2023-11-27 11:17:21 來源：總站信息處 作者：劉振營 閱讀量：13996 評論

導(dǎo)讀：農(nóng)機購置補貼公示數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2023年吉林補貼拖拉機配套農(nóng)機具34965臺，其中播種機械占半數(shù)以上。那吉林補貼的配套農(nóng)機具還有哪些品種，數(shù)量各多少呢。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 市場行情】農(nóng)機購置補貼公示數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2023年吉林補貼拖拉機配套農(nóng)機具34965臺，其中播種機占半數(shù)以上。那吉林補貼的配套農(nóng)機具還有哪些品種，數(shù)量各多少呢。
 
　　一、吉林補貼配套農(nóng)機具數(shù)量與機具配套比
 
　　1、吉林補貼配套農(nóng)機具品種與數(shù)量
 
　　農(nóng)機購置補貼公示數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2023年11月21日，吉林補貼各種配套農(nóng)機具16種，共計34965臺。其中播種機械18075臺，占全省配套農(nóng)機具總量的51.69%；埋茬起漿機5454臺，占比15.60%；打捆機2601臺，占比7.44%。另外，補貼數(shù)量超過1000臺的還有筑埂機1981臺，牽引式花生撿拾聯(lián)合收獲機1947臺，摟草機1713臺，深松機1495臺。
 
吉林補貼7種配套農(nóng)機具數(shù)量及占比
 
　　吉林補貼的7種超過1000臺的配套農(nóng)機具，合計達到33265臺，占全省總量的95.14%。
 
　　2、吉林補貼拖拉機數(shù)量及機具配套比
 
　　截至2023年11月21日，吉林補貼各種拖拉機56874臺，同期補貼配套農(nóng)機具34965臺，機具配套比為0.615。也就是說，在吉林每銷售1臺拖拉機，同期只銷售0.615臺配套農(nóng)機具，比各省區(qū)平均配套比2.041相差懸殊，低了很多。
 
　　二、吉林各種配套農(nóng)機具補貼數(shù)量及配套拖拉機功率
 
　　吉林是玉米種植大省。除玉米外，吉林還種植水稻和花生等農(nóng)作物。因此，吉林補貼的拖拉機及其配套農(nóng)機具，主要用于這些農(nóng)作物的耕作、種植和收獲的作業(yè)。
 
　　1、播種機械占半數(shù)以上
 
　　吉林的主要作物是玉米，而吉林玉米種植有其特點。從吉林補貼的玉米收獲機來看，多數(shù)為兩行機，這是因為吉林補貼的玉米播種機多采用兩行機型。
 
　　從吉林補貼的配套農(nóng)機具品種可以看出，該省沒有補貼旋耕機，而深松機補貼數(shù)量達到了1494臺。因此，吉林玉米種植的整地方式為深松加免耕播種的方式。
 
　　吉林補貼的18075臺播種機械，除5臺馬鈴薯播種機外，其余全部為單粒(精密)播種機，大部分為2行免耕(施肥)精量播種機。
 
　　吉林農(nóng)業(yè)為一年一熟制，也就是一年只種一季作物。因此，玉米免耕播種機不是在麥茬地里播種，而是春天在玉米茬的地里播種。所以這里用的東北型免耕播種機，與中原型麥茬免耕播種機完全不一樣，需要的功率更大，價格也更高。
 
　　中原型免耕播種機主要在麥茬地免耕播種玉米等作物，一般采用靴式開溝器，整機結(jié)構(gòu)比較緊湊，一般與拖拉機采用懸掛式聯(lián)接。中原型4行免耕播種機一般與25-50馬力拖拉機配套，銷售價格在6000-8000元。
 
　　東北型免耕播種機一般為雙圓盤開溝器，而且配備秸稈清理機構(gòu)，每行播種器為一個單體且可仿形，因整機比較長，所以只能拖拉機牽引作業(yè)。因與中原型相比，東北型免耕播種機結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜，銷售價格也比較高，一般配套60-80馬力拖拉機的2行播種機，銷售價格在3-5萬元。
 
　　2、水田整地主要靠埋茬起漿機和筑埂機
 
　　吉林是重要的商品糧基地和優(yōu)質(zhì)粳稻主產(chǎn)區(qū)，地處北緯41度至46度之間，是世界公認的“黃金水稻帶”；2021年，全省水稻種植面積1256萬畝，年產(chǎn)量137億斤。吉林水稻種植整地主要靠埋茬起漿機和筑埂機來完成。
 
　　截至2023年11月21日，吉林補貼5454臺埋茬起漿機，作業(yè)幅寬在240-320厘米，一般配套50-80馬力拖拉機。
 
　　同期，吉林補貼筑埂機1981臺，一般筑埂高度30厘米筑埂機，配套50-70馬力拖拉機。
 
　　3、打捆機和深松機需要配套大型拖拉機
 
　　吉林補貼打捆機2601臺，配合摟草機完成玉米等秸稈的離田作業(yè)。由于玉米秸稈打捆需要功率比較大，一般都需要配套100馬力及以上的大型拖拉機。
 
　　另外，吉林補貼深松機1494臺，配合免耕播種機完成玉米等作物的耕作。深松機配套的拖拉機，一般功率也要在90馬力以上。
 
　　4、牽引式花生收獲機和摟草機配套中型拖拉機
 
　　吉林補貼牽引式花生撿拾聯(lián)合收獲機1947臺，一般2.0型需要配套50馬力以上的中型拖拉機。
 
　　另外，吉林補貼摟草機1713臺，一般配套50-80馬力中型拖拉機。
 
　　綜合以上，吉林主要配套農(nóng)機具需要拖拉機功率為50-80馬力，以及少量100馬力及以上大型拖拉機。

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