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2023年我國已補貼糧食收獲機械10萬多臺，有什么品種，數(shù)量多少？

2023-05-10 08:54:51 來源：總站信息處 作者： 劉振營 閱讀量：11773 評論

導讀：農(nóng)機購置補貼公示數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2023年4月26日，我國已補貼糧食作物收獲機械10萬多臺。這兩年各省區(qū)補貼的糧食作物收獲機械有哪些品種，數(shù)量各有多少。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 補貼動態(tài)】農(nóng)機購置補貼公示數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2023年4月26日，我國已補貼糧食作物收獲機械10萬多臺。這兩年各省區(qū)補貼的糧食作物收獲機械有哪些品種，數(shù)量各有多少。
 
　　一、糧食作物收獲機械分類及目前補貼的品種
 
　　糧食作物收獲機，械顧名思義就是收獲糧食作物的機械。需要注意的是，一般把薯類算作糧食作物，因此糧食作物收獲機械包括薯類收獲機械。
 
　　1、糧食作物收獲機械的分類
 
　　按照新的農(nóng)機分類標準，糧食作物收獲機械為農(nóng)業(yè)機械第15大類 收獲機械，第1501小類 糧食作物收獲機械。糧食作物收獲機械小類分為150101割曬機(含割曬機和高稈作物割曬機)、150102割捆機、150103玉米剝皮機、150104脫粒機(含稻麥脫粒機和玉米脫粒機)、150105谷物聯(lián)合收割機(含輪式、履帶式、懸掛式和半喂入式)、150106玉米收獲機(含鮮食玉米收獲機、150107薯類打(殺)秧機、150108 薯類收獲機和150150其他糧食作物收獲機械9個品目。
 
　　谷物聯(lián)合收割機包括收獲小麥和水稻的各種聯(lián)合收獲品種，既包括輪式收割機，也包括履帶式收割機；既包括全喂入收割機，也包括半喂入收割機；既包括自走式收割機，也包括懸掛式收割機。
 
　　玉米收獲機也包括摘穗剝皮收獲機，也包括莖穗兼收收獲機，還包括直收籽粒收獲機。
 
　　同樣，薯類收獲機包括挖掘收獲機，也包括挖掘、撿拾與裝車聯(lián)合收割機。
 
　　2、目前各省區(qū)糧食作物收獲機補貼品種
 
　　目前補貼的糧食作物收獲機械主要有谷物聯(lián)合收割機、玉米收獲機、脫粒機、薯類收獲機、玉米剝皮機、割曬機和蠶豆收獲機等，由于西藏自治區(qū)農(nóng)民用割灌機收割青稞等谷物，所以該區(qū)將割灌機列入糧食作物收獲機械。
 
　　谷物聯(lián)合收割機和玉米聯(lián)合收獲機是性能全，技術含量高和價值高的糧食作物收獲機械，補貼額也比較大，所以占據(jù)了糧食作物收獲機械的主要地位，其他品種的糧食作物收獲機械價值比較低，有些省區(qū)取消了這些品種收獲機械的補貼。
 
　　從目前割曬機、割灌機、剝皮機和脫粒機的補貼數(shù)量情況，可以看出哪些省區(qū)某種聯(lián)合收獲機械具有發(fā)展?jié)摿Α?br /> 
　　二、2023年各省區(qū)補貼糧食作物收獲機械的品種與數(shù)量
 
　　農(nóng)機購置補貼公示數(shù)據(jù)顯示，截至2023年4月26日，38個農(nóng)機補貼核算省區(qū)有35個公示補貼了糧食作物收獲機械，合計補貼糧食作物收獲機械104473臺，其中2023年銷量5785臺。
 
2023年當期各省區(qū)補貼糧食作物收獲機械品種與數(shù)量
 
　　1、2023年補貼糧食作物收獲機械品種及數(shù)量
 
　　從2023年補貼糧食作物收獲機械的品種及數(shù)量來看，補貼的谷物聯(lián)合收割機最多，達到47855臺，占比45.81%；其次為玉米收獲機46110臺，占比44.14%。兩種收獲機械合計達到93695臺，占比接近90%。其他品種分別為：脫粒機7378臺，薯類收獲機1588臺，玉米剝皮機728臺，割灌機480臺，割曬機334臺。
 
　　2、2023年糧食作物收獲機械省區(qū)分布
 
　　從2023年糧食作物收獲機械總量的省區(qū)分布看，山東省和安徽省最多，分別達到或接近2萬臺；吉林和黑龍江都超過了1萬臺，遼寧7600多臺，河北4900多臺，江蘇和陜西都超過了3400臺，河南、內蒙古和北大荒都超過了2300臺。
 
　　三、2022年各省區(qū)補貼糧食作物收獲機械品種與數(shù)量
 
　　農(nóng)機購置補貼數(shù)據(jù)顯示，2022年除廣東農(nóng)墾外，37個省區(qū)公示了補貼糧食作物收獲機械數(shù)據(jù)，合計公示補貼糧食作物收獲機械272922臺，其中2022年銷售159495臺，其余為以前年度銷量。
 
2022年各省區(qū)補貼糧食作物收獲機械品種與數(shù)量
 
　　1、2022年補貼糧食作物收獲機械品種與數(shù)量
 
　　2022年補貼數(shù)量最多的糧食作物收獲機械仍然是谷物聯(lián)合收割機，全年達到128293臺，占比47.01%；其次為玉米收獲機75745臺，占比27.75%。這兩種收獲機械合計達到204038臺，占比74.76%。其他品種的收獲機械分別為：脫粒機36771臺，玉米剝皮機15094臺，薯類收獲機8749臺，割灌機5774臺，割曬機2482臺，蠶豆收獲機14臺。
 
　　2、2022年糧食作物收獲機械省區(qū)分布
 
　　從2022年補貼的糧食作物收獲機械省區(qū)分布看，河南省補貼數(shù)量最多，達到3.1萬多臺；超過2萬臺的有江蘇、云南和河北3省，超過1萬臺的有山東、黑龍江、安徽、湖北、內蒙古、山西、吉林和四川等省區(qū)。
 
　　四、從省區(qū)補貼品種與數(shù)量，看收獲方式與產(chǎn)品市場機會
 
　　由于機械化的不同階段或收獲方式，使用的收獲機械也不同。所以，從收獲機械的品種和數(shù)量，能夠看出該地區(qū)收獲的方式，以及所處的機械化階段，從而可以據(jù)此判斷收獲機械產(chǎn)品的市場機會。
 
　　1、北大荒仍然部分采用分段收獲方式
 
　　從補貼品種看，北大荒2022年有1000多臺割曬機的補貼銷量。其實，北大荒銷售割曬機，并不一定是因為其聯(lián)合收割機沒有普及，而是為了避開陰雨天氣，他們收割小麥采用分段機收的方法。因為當?shù)佧準崭顣r常遇陰雨天氣，他們在小麥蠟熟后期就用割曬機割下來成條鋪放，小麥經(jīng)晾曬有后熟作用，再用聯(lián)合收割機進行撿拾聯(lián)合收獲作業(yè)。這樣做可以使收割期提前幾天，趕在雨季到來之前，收獲部分或大部小麥，避免或減少麥收時遭遇陰雨天氣的損失。
 
　　1981年，本人讀大學期間曾在北大荒參加麥收實習，有小麥分段機收的體驗，也親身感受到陰雨天氣對麥收的影響。
 
　　2、西藏聯(lián)合收割機市場仍有發(fā)展空間
 
　　2022年1月15日，本人發(fā)表《市場需求：你的聯(lián)合收割機好，就到西藏來收青稞吧》一文，就是根據(jù)西藏補貼收獲機械品種與數(shù)量，發(fā)現(xiàn)西藏聯(lián)合收割機市場有機會。因為2021年西藏補貼了81臺履帶式聯(lián)合收割機，而且半數(shù)為小微機型。同時，這一年還補貼了大量割曬機和脫粒機，說明西藏青稞收獲仍然停留在分段收獲的初級階段，大中型輪式和履帶式聯(lián)合收割機市場有機會。
 
　　從2022年西藏收獲機械補貼品種看，谷物聯(lián)合收割機補貼了385臺。從機型看，不但有履帶式，也增加了輪式，國內幾乎所有輪式聯(lián)合收割機企業(yè)都進西藏搶占市場。
 
　　從這兩年西藏收獲機械補貼品種看，仍然有不少割灌機、割曬機和脫粒機，聯(lián)合收割機仍然具有不小的市場空間。
 
　　3、有些省區(qū)的谷物聯(lián)合收割機和玉米收獲機市場空間較大
 
　　從這兩年各省區(qū)糧食作物收獲機械補貼品種與數(shù)量，還可以看出一些省區(qū)聯(lián)合收獲機械的市場空間。割曬機和脫粒機補貼數(shù)量大的四川、云南、內蒙古、黑龍江、遼寧和貴州等省，谷物聯(lián)合收割機的市場空間較大，而玉米剝皮機補貼數(shù)量大的云南等省，存在玉米收獲機的市場空間。

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