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這有一份柑橘全程呵護(hù)指南，請您查收！

2022-12-09 11:52:47 來源：極目機(jī)器人 閱讀量：12543 評論

導(dǎo)讀：極目無人機(jī)可實(shí)現(xiàn)全地形覆蓋，晝夜無差別作業(yè)，彌霧噴頭打得透、打得勻，適應(yīng)丘陵山地耕作特點(diǎn)，通過“機(jī)劑技”結(jié)合的作物解決方案，解決植保難題，覆蓋柑橘種植全環(huán)節(jié)。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】贛南臍橙，江西省贛州市特產(chǎn)，中國國家地理標(biāo)志產(chǎn)品。贛南臍橙年產(chǎn)量達(dá)百萬噸，原產(chǎn)地江西省贛州市已經(jīng)成為臍橙種植面積世界第一，年產(chǎn)量世界第三、全國最大的臍橙主產(chǎn)區(qū)。
 
　　臍橙多種植于山地丘陵地帶，無論是病蟲害防治還是營養(yǎng)劑噴施，人工作業(yè)難度大、成本高。極目無人機(jī)可實(shí)現(xiàn)全地形覆蓋，晝夜無差別作業(yè)，彌霧噴頭打得透、打得勻，適應(yīng)丘陵山地耕作特點(diǎn)，通過“機(jī)劑技”結(jié)合的作物解決方案，解決植保難題，覆蓋柑橘種植全環(huán)節(jié)。


 

　　月份：12月~次年2月
 
　　物候期：花芽分化期
 
　　主要病蟲害：須警惕炭疽落葉
 

　　12月-次年2月均為臍橙的清園期，須警惕炭疽落葉，柑橘炭疽病主要危害葉片、枝梢、花、果實(shí)、果梗和苗木，常造成葉枯、梢枯、落花、落果及果實(shí)腐爛。
 
　　12月-次年1月主要注意防寒防凍，冬剪整修。2月要在雨水前施芽前肥，檢查病弱樹、及時補(bǔ)株。
 
　　月份：3月
 
　　物候期：春芽萌發(fā)期
 
　　主要病蟲害：砂皮、潰瘍、紅蜘蛛、木虱
 
　　3月春芽萌發(fā)，正式春季開園之時，尤其要注意砂皮、潰瘍病害的防治。砂皮病主要危害枝干、果實(shí)、葉片等部位，發(fā)生嚴(yán)重時，造成大面積毀園或貯運(yùn)過程中大量爛果，影響樹體壽命和果實(shí)商品價值。
 
　　月份：4月
 
　　物候期：春梢現(xiàn)蕾期
 
　　主要病蟲害：灰霉、炭疽、砂皮、紅蜘蛛、木虱、潛葉蛾

　　4月春梢現(xiàn)蕾，需成年果園播種夏季綠肥、抹芽除萌搖花；幼樹果園追施速效性氮肥、幼樹摘花。依舊需要注意砂皮病防治，防止影響落果期。
 
　　月份：5月~6月
 
　　物候期：第一、二次落果期
 
　　主要病蟲害：炭疽、潰瘍、紅蜘蛛、木虱、蚊殼蟲、粉虱、蚜蟲、葉甲、潛葉蛾
 
　　臍橙的自然坐果率只有0.5%~2%，而臍橙的坐果率通常都由幼果的兩次生理落果決定，這也決定了臍橙的產(chǎn)量。
 
　　5月-6月是第一次落果和第二次落果，需做好保果措施：
 
　　①調(diào)控樹勢，調(diào)控樹勢是最根本的保果措施，不管什么保果技術(shù)，如果樹勢太弱或過于旺盛，都難于達(dá)到理想的保果效果。
 
　?、诩に乇９?br /> 
　?、壅{(diào)節(jié)劑和葉面肥保果
 
　　成年果園須除草松土，追肥，采取適當(dāng)?shù)谋９胧┰黾幼?；幼樹果園還須追施氮、磷肥，抹芽、去零留整，做好水土保持。
 
　　月份：7月
 
　　物候期：夏梢穩(wěn)果期
 
　　主要病蟲害：黑星病、潰瘍、銹壁虱、紅蜘蛛、吉蟲、斜紋夜蛾、潛葉蛾
 
　　7月上旬夏季綠肥翻壓，果實(shí)初掛果樹時應(yīng)施壯果、促梢肥，抹夏梢防沖果、除萌，同時要注意防旱。
 
　　月份：8月
 
　　物候期：秋梢壯果期
 
　　主要病蟲害：砂皮、粉虱、蚜蟲、木虱、紅蜘蛛、葉甲、潛葉蛾
 
　　8月易出旱情，特別注意防旱抗旱，作業(yè)也須避開高溫時段，清晨或夜晚作業(yè)。成年果園酌情施壯果肥，積肥造肥。
 
　　物候期：果實(shí)膨大期
 
　　月份：9月
 
　　主要病蟲害：潰瘍、砂皮紅蜘蛛、木虱、粉虱、蚜蟲、葉甲、潛葉蛾

　　果實(shí)膨大期是臍橙的一個黃金時期，既關(guān)乎今年果實(shí)的質(zhì)量，又關(guān)乎明年果實(shí)的產(chǎn)量。逐漸攀升的高溫降低著樹體活力，果、梢對養(yǎng)分的需求不斷增加，病蟲害猖獗，在這個緊張的時期，保證養(yǎng)分的供需、保證秋梢抽發(fā)的整齊和健壯，成了臍橙當(dāng)下最重要的事情。
 
　　膨果期管理主要有以下幾點(diǎn)：
 
　　①施壯果肥：夏梢老熟之后，根系就進(jìn)入第二次生長高峰期，此時，首要就是施壯果肥 (秋肥)，促發(fā)毛細(xì)根生長，促進(jìn)果實(shí)膨大，為秋梢的抽發(fā)備下充足的營養(yǎng)。
 
　　②水分管理：水分是臍橙果實(shí)膨大期最重要的影響因素，對果重、果實(shí)大小及品質(zhì)都有著決定性的影響，應(yīng)保證水分的供應(yīng)。
 
　?、廴~面營養(yǎng)補(bǔ)充：新梢出芽后需補(bǔ)充葉面肥，促進(jìn)果實(shí)膨大和秋梢老熟。
 
　　物候期：果實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)色，花芽分化
 
　　月份：10月
 
　　主要病蟲害：砂皮、炭疽、紅蜘蛛、木虱、果腐、蒂腐、實(shí)蠅、吸果夜蛾、潛葉蛾
 
　　10月果實(shí)轉(zhuǎn)色，與光照、溫度、施肥等均有關(guān)系，須防旱防裂果，播種冬季旅費(fèi)、抹除晚秋梢，放置采前落果，影響產(chǎn)量。
 
　　物候期：采果期
 
　　月份：11月
 
　　主要病蟲害：炭疽、果腐、蒂腐、吸果夜蛾

　　采果時及時施肥，抹除晚秋梢，采后天旱須及時灌水補(bǔ)月子肥，擴(kuò)穴施肥改土，11月下旬開始修剪清園，樹干刷白，樹盤培土。幼樹果園要追施氮、磷、鉀肥，做好除草和防寒工作。
 
　　臍橙飛防參數(shù)參考
 
　　用水量：6-8升/畝
 
　　速度：2.6-3米/秒
 
　　高度：2.6-3.3米
 
　　噴幅：4米
 
　　*根據(jù)果樹病蟲害嚴(yán)重程度以及地形、果樹長勢進(jìn)行調(diào)整
 

       經(jīng)過不斷地飛防驗(yàn)證，極目無人機(jī)可高效防治柑橘病蟲害，省藥20%以上，節(jié)水高達(dá)95%，助力果農(nóng)增產(chǎn)增收，有效呵護(hù)柑橘全程生長。
 

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