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酒泉制種玉米抽雄與收獲環(huán)節(jié)生產(chǎn)逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)機(jī)械化

2022-11-15 09:17:44 來(lái)源：甘肅省酒泉市農(nóng)機(jī)服務(wù)中心 馮正睿 趙嵐 閱讀量：19030 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：今年，酒泉市依托甘肅省農(nóng)作物種業(yè)裝備研發(fā)中心，研發(fā)了適宜于河西走廊制種玉米主產(chǎn)區(qū)應(yīng)用的3CX-6A輕量化小型高地隙自走式制種玉米去雄機(jī)。

　　【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 地方農(nóng)機(jī)】玉米制種是玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一，影響著玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)的發(fā)展。甘肅省酒泉市地處河西走廊西端，晝夜溫差大，空氣純凈，干旱少雨，光熱資源豐富，十分有利于作物的光合作用和種子干物質(zhì)積累，具備玉米種子生產(chǎn)的獨(dú)特優(yōu)異條件，被業(yè)內(nèi)人士譽(yù)為“天然種子加工廠”“種子生產(chǎn)黃金帶”，2022年，全市玉米制種面積達(dá)到23.42萬(wàn)畝。
 
　　制種玉米全程機(jī)械化是涵蓋玉米品種選育、品種試驗(yàn)、制種生產(chǎn)、種子加工等多環(huán)節(jié)的系統(tǒng)工程，從配套技術(shù)方面來(lái)看，目前酒泉市制種玉米種子生產(chǎn)機(jī)械化配套技術(shù)體系尚未完全建立，機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)在技術(shù)力量、機(jī)具質(zhì)量及性能方面難以滿足高質(zhì)量種子的生產(chǎn)需求。從種業(yè)生產(chǎn)過(guò)程來(lái)看，整個(gè)制種過(guò)程機(jī)械化程度發(fā)展不充分、不均衡，尤其是去雄與收獲環(huán)節(jié)，農(nóng)機(jī)產(chǎn)品和玉米制種技術(shù)匹配程度不好，嚴(yán)重制約了全市玉米種業(yè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展，因此，加大制種玉米去雄與收獲環(huán)節(jié)配套機(jī)械研制開(kāi)發(fā)步伐，加快去雄與收獲環(huán)節(jié)配套機(jī)械科研成果從樣機(jī)到產(chǎn)品的轉(zhuǎn)換，迫在眉睫，勢(shì)在必行。
 
　　今年，酒泉市依托甘肅省農(nóng)作物種業(yè)裝備研發(fā)中心，研發(fā)了適宜于河西走廊制種玉米主產(chǎn)區(qū)應(yīng)用的3CX-6A輕量化小型高地隙自走式制種玉米去雄機(jī)，目前，3CX-6A輕量化制種玉米去雄機(jī)已進(jìn)入設(shè)備性能測(cè)試階段，為酒泉市大面積推廣制種玉米抽雄機(jī)械化技術(shù)奠定了基礎(chǔ)。
 
　　與此同時(shí)，由甘農(nóng)大承擔(dān)的臥式割臺(tái)制種玉米聯(lián)合收獲機(jī)研制項(xiàng)目取得重大進(jìn)展，項(xiàng)目機(jī)具第一代4YZS-4A制種玉米收獲機(jī)和第一代4YZSJ-4A穗莖兼收制種玉米收獲機(jī)今年開(kāi)展了試驗(yàn)作業(yè)，經(jīng)專家團(tuán)隊(duì)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)檢測(cè)評(píng)定，相關(guān)作業(yè)指標(biāo)均能達(dá)到國(guó)家種穗玉米收獲機(jī)田間作業(yè)性能檢測(cè)要求。另?yè)?jù)《中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)化導(dǎo)報(bào)》報(bào)道，由新疆新研牧神科技有限公司研發(fā)制造的4YZS-8型制種玉米收獲機(jī)通過(guò)試驗(yàn)驗(yàn)證，該機(jī)一次作業(yè)可完成種穗玉米摘穗、果穗清選、果穗裝箱等多項(xiàng)作業(yè)功能，為酒泉開(kāi)展制種玉米機(jī)械收獲機(jī)具選型試驗(yàn)提供了機(jī)型支撐。

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