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南京開展油菜機械化收獲裝備試驗示范

2022-05-31 08:43:49 來源:江蘇省南京市農(nóng)業(yè)裝備推廣中心 閱讀量:20578 評論

導(dǎo)讀:為加強多功能油菜生產(chǎn)機械化技術(shù)示范推廣,推進油菜機械化收獲機具研發(fā)、試驗示范,提升油菜生產(chǎn)機械化水平,5月24日上午,江蘇省南京市農(nóng)業(yè)裝備推廣中心在浦口區(qū)眾鑫麗種植專業(yè)合作社舉辦了南京市油菜機械化收獲現(xiàn)場觀摩會

  【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 科技創(chuàng)新】 為加強多功能油菜生產(chǎn)機械化技術(shù)示范推廣,推進油菜機械化收獲機具研發(fā)、試驗示范,提升油菜生產(chǎn)機械化水平,5月24日上午,江蘇省南京市農(nóng)業(yè)裝備推廣中心在浦口區(qū)眾鑫麗種植專業(yè)合作社舉辦了南京市油菜機械化收獲現(xiàn)場觀摩會,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部南京農(nóng)機化研究所,南京市農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村局分管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、相關(guān)處室負(fù)責(zé)人,各區(qū)、鎮(zhèn)街從事多功能油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)推廣、農(nóng)機技術(shù)推廣、市屬有關(guān)單位業(yè)務(wù)骨干參加活動。
 

 

  活動現(xiàn)場開展了油菜聯(lián)合收割機、油菜割曬機、油菜撿拾脫粒機、油菜秸稈還田機等機具介紹及演示,期間江蘇省農(nóng)科院經(jīng)濟作物研究所副所長胡茂龍、江蘇省特糧特經(jīng)產(chǎn)業(yè)技術(shù)體系綠色防控創(chuàng)新團隊崗位專家張芳、機械化崗位專家張彬等專家就多功能油菜品種選育、油菜生產(chǎn)綠色防控與機械化種植進行了技術(shù)指導(dǎo),并開展了油菜機收減損技術(shù)、油菜秸稈機械化還田技術(shù)培訓(xùn)。油菜種植戶和有關(guān)專家還就多功能油菜機械化種植、收獲裝備及油菜機械化種植技術(shù)等話題進行了交流。
 

 

  一直以來,油菜是十分重要的油料作物,但由于存在油菜平均單產(chǎn)低、輪作茬口緊、人工成本高、經(jīng)濟效益低等問題,農(nóng)戶種植油菜的積極性不斷降低,油菜種植面積出現(xiàn)萎縮的現(xiàn)象。
 
  推進油菜生產(chǎn)機械化,減少油菜種植收獲人工成本、減少收獲損失提高油菜生產(chǎn)的經(jīng)濟效益是促進油菜產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展的有效途徑。目前油菜一次性機械化收獲中存在油菜結(jié)莢成熟度,含水率不一致的問題,導(dǎo)致一次性機械化收獲損失率偏高。南京市農(nóng)業(yè)裝備推廣中心聯(lián)合農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部南京農(nóng)機化研究所開展廣適性機械化油菜分段收獲裝備試驗示范,油菜的分段機械化收獲技術(shù)是減少油菜收獲環(huán)節(jié)機收減損的關(guān)鍵技術(shù),大大提高了油菜收獲效率。新機具滿足各類型油菜高效低損割曬撿拾要求,推動提升油菜生產(chǎn)機械化水平。
 

 

  割曬撿拾機具采用獨立割曬臺和獨立撿拾臺與通用履帶聯(lián)合收割機底盤掛接的夠成方式,配套完成油菜割曬撿拾作業(yè)。大割幅的割曬臺通過輸送帶側(cè)向輸送作物,實現(xiàn)割幅內(nèi)測邊整齊順暢鋪放,便于晾曬,滿足油菜高效低損割曬要求。撿拾機具配備“撿拾+輸送”雙段結(jié)構(gòu)布置改善物料輸送流暢度,完成割曬后的高效低損撿拾作業(yè)。
 
  南京市農(nóng)業(yè)裝備推廣中心在浦口區(qū)眾鑫麗種植專業(yè)合作社,建立油菜生產(chǎn)機械化試驗示范點200畝。前期,引進了油菜毯狀苗復(fù)式作業(yè)移栽機開展試驗示范,開展了油菜薹采收機田間試驗和示范。當(dāng)前正在開展油菜籽機械化收獲和油菜秸稈機械化還田試驗示范推廣,通過技術(shù)集成,實現(xiàn)油蔬兩用油菜生產(chǎn)全程機械化。
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