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保障糧食安全之加強(qiáng)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)

2022-04-20 17:17:28 來源:農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 閱讀量:41917 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀:多年來,國(guó)家高度重視并推進(jìn)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè),并取得了顯著成效。截至2020年底,全國(guó)已完成8億畝高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)任務(wù)。

  【農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】 民以食為天,食以土為本。農(nóng)田作為糧食生產(chǎn)的基礎(chǔ),其質(zhì)量高低不僅影響糧食產(chǎn)量的高低,還關(guān)系到農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量的好壞,是糧食安全的根基。
 
  高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田是指土地平整、集中連片、設(shè)施完善、農(nóng)田配套、土壤肥沃、生態(tài)良好、抗災(zāi)能力強(qiáng),與現(xiàn)代農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)和經(jīng)營(yíng)方式相適應(yīng)的旱澇保收、高產(chǎn)穩(wěn)產(chǎn),劃定為永久基本農(nóng)田的耕地,有利于推動(dòng)規(guī)?;?jīng)營(yíng)、機(jī)械化生產(chǎn)、標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化生產(chǎn)。建設(shè)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田,是鞏固和提高糧食生產(chǎn)能力,保障國(guó)家糧食安全的關(guān)鍵舉措。
 

 

  多年來,國(guó)家高度重視并推進(jìn)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè),并取得了顯著成效。截至2020年底,全國(guó)已完成8億畝高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)任務(wù)。建成的高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田,在節(jié)水、節(jié)電、節(jié)肥、節(jié)藥、節(jié)人工等方面均有明顯的效果,畝均糧食產(chǎn)能一般增加10%~20%,畝均節(jié)本增效約500元,為保護(hù)農(nóng)民種糧積極性,確保全國(guó)糧食產(chǎn)量連續(xù)多年穩(wěn)定在1.3萬億斤以上發(fā)揮了重要支撐作用。
 
  2021年9月,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部發(fā)布《全國(guó)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)規(guī)劃(2021-2030年)》,提出了今后一個(gè)時(shí)期高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)總體目標(biāo)任務(wù),明確到2025年累計(jì)建成10.75億畝并改造提升1.05億畝、2030年累計(jì)建成12億畝并改造提升2.8億畝高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田;到2035年,全國(guó)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田保有量和質(zhì)量進(jìn)一步提高。
 
  加強(qiáng)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè),必須有科學(xué)適宜的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。日前,《高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè) 通則》(GB/T30600-2022)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)發(fā)布,并將于2022年10月1日起正式實(shí)施。這是2014年《高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè) 通則》(GB/T30600-2014)(以下簡(jiǎn)稱原《通則》)發(fā)布后的首次修訂,也是2018年黨和國(guó)家機(jī)構(gòu)改革,農(nóng)田建設(shè)管理職能整合歸并至農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部后,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部牽頭修訂的第一個(gè)農(nóng)田建設(shè)領(lǐng)域重要國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
 
  修訂原《通則》是落實(shí)黨中央、國(guó)務(wù)院關(guān)于加強(qiáng)耕地保護(hù)建設(shè)決策部署的重要舉措,也是新時(shí)期統(tǒng)一高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn),實(shí)現(xiàn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)項(xiàng)目科學(xué)規(guī)范管理的重要依據(jù)。新修訂的《通則》以全面提升農(nóng)田質(zhì)量為目標(biāo),充分考慮區(qū)域特點(diǎn),統(tǒng)籌農(nóng)田工程建設(shè)和質(zhì)量建設(shè),堅(jiān)持科學(xué)布局、分類施策,目標(biāo)導(dǎo)向、良田糧用,生態(tài)理念、注重質(zhì)量等編制原則,系統(tǒng)完善了原《通則》相關(guān)內(nèi)容與技術(shù)規(guī)范,將更好地指導(dǎo)農(nóng)田建設(shè)高質(zhì)量發(fā)展,對(duì)進(jìn)一步規(guī)范高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)行為,提升高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)質(zhì)量具有重要意義。
 
  我國(guó)疆域遼闊,區(qū)域之間地形地貌、氣候條件差異巨大,作物類型、耕作制度等各不相同,對(duì)農(nóng)田基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和地力水平的要求也有所區(qū)別?!锻▌t》適應(yīng)新時(shí)代高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)新要求,分區(qū)域確定建設(shè)內(nèi)容,明確建設(shè)重點(diǎn)和技術(shù)要求,突出建設(shè)內(nèi)容的針對(duì)性和可操作性,有利于規(guī)范引導(dǎo)不同地區(qū)高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)具體工作。
 
  高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)農(nóng)田建設(shè)不僅是加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)的重要手段,也是提升耕地地力,增強(qiáng)農(nóng)田可持續(xù)發(fā)展能力的關(guān)鍵舉措?!锻▌t》 優(yōu)化完善了農(nóng)田地力提升建設(shè)內(nèi)容和具體指標(biāo),有利于補(bǔ)齊農(nóng)田質(zhì)量建設(shè)技術(shù)指引短板,推動(dòng)形成綠色生產(chǎn)方式,實(shí)現(xiàn)土地和水資源集約節(jié)約利用,促進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
 
  部分資料來源:農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部、中國(guó)質(zhì)量新聞網(wǎng)
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