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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部:逐步將更多符合條件的秸稈還田機械納入全國補貼范圍

2021-09-28 16:02:26 來源:農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量:31809 評論

導(dǎo)讀:土地是地球上珍貴的土壤資源,是一種性狀好、肥力高、適宜農(nóng)耕的優(yōu)質(zhì)土地。多年來,國家高度重視黑土地保護(hù)工作,出臺一系列重大政策措施,推動黑土地保護(hù)進(jìn)程。

  【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】 黑土地是地球上珍貴的土壤資源,是一種性狀好、肥力高、適宜農(nóng)耕的優(yōu)質(zhì)土地。多年來,國家高度重視黑土地保護(hù)工作,出臺一系列重大政策措施,推動黑土地保護(hù)進(jìn)程。
 
  2021年,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部會同國家發(fā)展改革委、財政部、水利部、科技部、中國科學(xué)院、國家林草局等6部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)《國家黑土地保護(hù)工程實施方案(2021—2025年)》(以下簡稱《實施方案》),加強部門間分工協(xié)作,共同推動《實施方案》落實落地。同時,積極加強宣傳引導(dǎo),多渠道宣傳黑土地可持續(xù)保護(hù)利用的重大意義、措施成效,營造全社會關(guān)心黑土地、保護(hù)黑土地的良好氛圍。
 
  近日,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部網(wǎng)站發(fā)布對十三屆全國人大四次會議第10058號建議的答復(fù),針對代表提出的“加大對黑土地保護(hù)力度”的建議作出答復(fù)。
 
  答復(fù)中表示,黑土地保護(hù)是一項系統(tǒng)工程,需要強化規(guī)劃引導(dǎo)、加強組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)、統(tǒng)籌力量、持續(xù)推進(jìn)。2017年,經(jīng)國務(wù)院同意,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部與國家發(fā)展改革委會同相關(guān)部門聯(lián)合印發(fā)《東北黑土地保護(hù)規(guī)劃綱要(2017—2030年)》,提出到2030年,集中連片、整體推進(jìn),實施黑土地保護(hù)面積2.5億畝,基本覆蓋主要黑土區(qū)耕地。2020年,經(jīng)國務(wù)院同意,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部與財政部聯(lián)合印發(fā)《東北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動計劃(2020—2025年)》,提出力爭到2025年,實施保護(hù)性耕作面積1.4億畝,占東北地區(qū)適宜區(qū)域耕地總面積的70%左右。2021年印發(fā)的《實施方案》提出2021—2025年實施黑土地保護(hù)利用面積1億畝,基本構(gòu)建形成持續(xù)推進(jìn)黑土地保護(hù)利用的長效機制。
 
  農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部表示,近年來會同財政部等有關(guān)部門積極推動黑土地保護(hù)與利用政策落實落地。一是大力實施東北黑土地保護(hù)利用項目。2015年起,中央財政累計安排專項資金在東北4省(區(qū))開展黑土地保護(hù)利用項目1050萬畝。重點推廣以秸稈還田、增施有機肥、深松深耕黑土流失控制等技術(shù)為主的綜合治理措施。二是大力支持秸稈還田。2017年,啟動“東北地區(qū)秸稈處理行動”,每年安排秸稈試點資金支持東北4省(區(qū))開展農(nóng)用優(yōu)先的秸稈綜合利用試點,發(fā)布東北高寒區(qū)玉米秸稈深翻養(yǎng)地模式、秸—飼—肥種養(yǎng)結(jié)合模式、秸—沼—肥等技術(shù)模式,推動秸稈機械粉碎還田、養(yǎng)畜過腹還田、生物腐熟還田,推廣穗莖兼收式玉米收獲機,有效減少秸稈拋灑還田打包收獲時含土率過高問題。三是深入開展測土配方施肥。強化農(nóng)戶調(diào)查、取土化驗、田間試驗、配方制定、數(shù)據(jù)開發(fā)等測土配方施肥基礎(chǔ)工作,加強大數(shù)據(jù)管理與開發(fā)應(yīng)用,支撐化肥減量增效。四是開展畜禽糞污資源化利用。近年來,中央財政安排資金,在東北3省的63個畜牧大縣實施畜禽糞污資源化利用整縣推進(jìn)項目,支持規(guī)模養(yǎng)殖場和第三方處理中心畜禽糞污處理、利用等設(shè)施建設(shè),加快構(gòu)建種養(yǎng)循環(huán)發(fā)展機制,促進(jìn)畜禽養(yǎng)殖廢棄物資源化利用,不斷提高有機肥替代化肥比例。五是推進(jìn)耕地輪作休耕。2016年起,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部與相關(guān)部門逐步實施耕地輪作休耕制度試點,在東北黑土區(qū)重點推廣以玉米與大豆輪作為主的種植模式,試點面積5600萬畝;在黑龍江三江平原井灌稻區(qū)開展休耕,試點面積340萬畝。2020年,繼續(xù)支持東北4省(區(qū))集成推廣耕地輪作技術(shù)模式,推進(jìn)常態(tài)化制度化實施。
 
  下一步,農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部將會同有關(guān)部門,加快推進(jìn)落實《實施方案》要求的土壤侵蝕防治、農(nóng)田基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)、肥沃耕作層培育、黑土耕地質(zhì)量監(jiān)測評價等措施,根據(jù)秸稈還田實際需要,進(jìn)一步發(fā)揮農(nóng)機購置補貼政策的功能作用,逐步將更多符合條件的秸稈還田機械納入全國補貼范圍,持續(xù)強化對農(nóng)業(yè)綠色生產(chǎn)的裝備支撐,推進(jìn)黑土地保護(hù)利用取得新成效。
 
  在加大資金投入方面,2021年,中央財政通過農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)發(fā)展資金和農(nóng)業(yè)資源及生態(tài)保護(hù)補助資金,積極支持黑土地保護(hù)利用工作。一是大力實施東北黑土地保護(hù)性耕作行動計劃,在適宜區(qū)域推廣應(yīng)用秸稈覆蓋免(少)耕播種等關(guān)鍵技術(shù),實施面積擴(kuò)大到7000萬畝。二是繼續(xù)支持40個縣推進(jìn)東北黑土地保護(hù)利用試點工作,集中展示一批黑土地保護(hù)利用綜合治理模式。三是全面實施秸稈綜合利用行動,實施整縣集中推進(jìn)。四是將秸稈粉碎還田機等機具納入農(nóng)機購置補貼范圍,對暫不在補貼范圍的創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品、成套設(shè)施裝備,可通過農(nóng)機新產(chǎn)品試點、農(nóng)機專項鑒定等渠道按程序納入補貼。五是支持東北地區(qū)實施耕地地力保護(hù)補貼,探索補貼發(fā)放與耕地地力保護(hù)行為相掛鉤的有效機制,引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民自覺保護(hù)耕地、提升地力。
 
  本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(balpclean.com)整理發(fā)布,資料來源:農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部。
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