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農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部：廣泛推廣高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)、加強耕地質(zhì)量提升，保障國家糧食安全

2020-09-18 15:22:29 來源：農(nóng)機網(wǎng)整理發(fā)布 閱讀量：28290 評論

導讀：截至6月底，今年全國已建成高標準農(nóng)田面積4338.5萬畝，占年度任務(wù)量的54.2%。

　　【農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 熱點關(guān)注】 近日，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部發(fā)布對十三屆全國人大三次會議第1248號建議“提高耕地質(zhì)量水平保障國家糧食生產(chǎn)安全”的答復(fù)。在加強高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)方面，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部表示，國家高度重視高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)工作。機構(gòu)改革以來，我部認真貫徹落實黨中央國務(wù)院決策部署，深入實施“藏糧于地、藏糧于技”戰(zhàn)略，加快推進高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)。
 
　　一是編制全國高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)規(guī)劃。按照2019年和2020年中央一號文件“修編全國高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)總體規(guī)劃”的要求，以及“十四五”規(guī)劃編制要求，我部牽頭組織開展了全國高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)規(guī)劃編制工作，提出今后一個時期高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)的目標任務(wù)、建設(shè)標準、建設(shè)內(nèi)容等，圍繞高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)的田、 土、水、路、林、電、技、管8個方面，推進高標準農(nóng)田、土壤改良、高效節(jié)水灌溉、綠色農(nóng)田示范，推動實現(xiàn)藏糧于地。 二是全力推進高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)。今年新冠肺炎疫情發(fā)生以來，我部統(tǒng)籌做好疫情防控和高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)工作，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部辦公廳及時印發(fā)《關(guān)于統(tǒng)籌做好疫情防控和高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)工作的通知》，指導地方嚴格落實分區(qū)分級差異化疫情防控要求，有序推動高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)項目開工復(fù)工。印發(fā)《關(guān)于推動地方政府債券支持高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)的通知》，指導各地探索保障高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)投入方式，上半年地方累計發(fā)行專項債61.44億元用于支持高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)。截至6月底，今年全國已建成高標準農(nóng)田面積4338.5萬畝，占年度任務(wù)量的54.2%。截至7月9日，2020年中央財政轉(zhuǎn)移支付和中央預(yù)算內(nèi)投資兩個渠道資金共計867億元已全部下達，較去年增長約7.8億元。
 
　　下一步，我部將會同相關(guān)部門，認真貫徹落實黨中央、國務(wù)院有關(guān)決策部署，加快編制全國高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)規(guī)劃。按照中央1號文件有關(guān)要求，支持各地大力推進高標準農(nóng)田，確保2020年全國建成8億畝高標準農(nóng)田，不斷夯實國家糧食安全保障基礎(chǔ)。
 

　　在加強耕地質(zhì)量提升和保護上，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部表示，國家積極推進耕地質(zhì)量提升和保護，農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部門會同財政部安排資金用于實施耕地質(zhì)量保護與提升行動，采取綜合措施培肥改良土壤，有效推動了耕地質(zhì)量保護。一是推廣化肥減量增效技術(shù)提高測土配方施肥應(yīng)用水平。2015年以來，我部開展“到2020年化肥使用量零增長行動”，取得了明顯成效。2019年我國水稻、玉米、小麥三大糧食作物化肥利用率為39.2%，比2015年提高4個百分點。目前，全國測土配方施肥技術(shù)覆蓋率達到89.3%，測土配方施肥智能化配肥服務(wù)網(wǎng)點達3000余個。二是開展耕地增施有機肥項目實現(xiàn)培肥土壤。2015年以來，我部組織實施東北黑土地保護利用項目；2020年啟動實施退化耕地治理項目，并印發(fā)《關(guān)于做好2020年退化耕地質(zhì)量與耕地質(zhì)量等級調(diào)查評價工作的通知》《關(guān)于做好2020年東北黑土地保護利用工作的通知》，要求將增施有機肥作為技術(shù)集成示范措施，支持農(nóng)戶提升耕地質(zhì)量。2020年，中央財政繼續(xù)安排資金，選擇63個縣(市、區(qū))開展果菜茶有機肥替代化肥試點，與畜禽糞污資源化利用緊密結(jié)合，支持農(nóng)民和新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營主體施用有機肥。目前，有機肥施用面積超過5.5億畝次，比2017年增加5000萬畝次。三是普及秸稈還田技術(shù)實施保護性耕作并加大土壤改良建立土壤養(yǎng)護機制。我部印發(fā)了《關(guān)于全面做好秸稈綜合利用工作的通知》，安排中央財政秸稈綜合利用資金，在全國建設(shè)了260個秸稈綜合利用重點縣，推廣以秸稈還田為主的綜合利用，全國秸稈綜合利用率達到85.5%。今年年初，經(jīng)國務(wù)院同意，我部和財政部聯(lián)合印發(fā)《東北黑土地保護性耕作行動計劃(2020—2025年)》，并以“大專項+任務(wù)清單”方式安排中央財政資金，專門用于支持東北四省(區(qū))完成2020年4000萬畝保護性耕作實施任務(wù)。近期，我部啟動退化耕地治理，加大土壤改良力度。在江蘇等13個省(區(qū)、市)耕地酸化問題突出的重點縣開展綜合治理試驗示范200萬畝，在河北等8省(區(qū))排灌條件較好的區(qū)域開展輕、中度鹽堿耕地綜合治理試驗示范80萬畝。
 
　　下一步，我部將會同相關(guān)部門統(tǒng)籌退化耕地治理、東北黑土地保護利用、東北黑土地保護性耕作行動等工作，加強東北黑土地、酸化耕地、鹽堿化耕地 “三片地”退化耕地治理，將相關(guān)技術(shù)措施按照“各炒一盤菜、共做一桌席”統(tǒng)籌實施，發(fā)揮政策協(xié)同優(yōu)勢，形成加強耕地質(zhì)量保護與提升合力。
 
　　本文由農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(balpclean.com)整理發(fā)布，資料來源：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部，如有侵權(quán)或異議請聯(lián)系我們。

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下一篇：農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部：加大糧食生產(chǎn)支持力度，已安排40多億元支持早稻生產(chǎn)

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