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國務院召開中央一號文件發(fā)布會 鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的號角已吹響

2019-02-28 17:16:10 來源:中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者:四夕 閱讀量:44614 評論

導讀:日前,《中共中央 國務院關(guān)于堅持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展做好“三農(nóng)”工作的若干意見》,即今年的中央一號文件正式對外發(fā)布。2月20日,國務院新聞辦公室舉行堅持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展做好“三農(nóng)”工作《若干意見》發(fā)布會,共同解讀中央一號文件,并答記者問。

  【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 政策導讀】日前,《中共中央 國務院關(guān)于堅持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展做好“三農(nóng)”工作的若干意見》,即今年的中央一號文件正式對外發(fā)布。2月20日,國務院新聞辦公室舉行堅持農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展做好“三農(nóng)”工作《若干意見》發(fā)布會,共同解讀中央一號文件,并答記者問。
 

        就發(fā)布會重點內(nèi)容,中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng)(balpclean.com)整理如下:
 
  鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略“槍”打響
 
  2018年,“三農(nóng)”工作取得了多方面進步,鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略實施開局良好。據(jù)發(fā)布會消息,2018年糧食總產(chǎn)量達到13158億斤,連續(xù)7年穩(wěn)定在1.2萬億斤以上,肉蛋奶、果菜漁等重要農(nóng)產(chǎn)品供應充裕;農(nóng)村居民人均可支配收入14617元,增速繼續(xù)高于城鎮(zhèn)居民收入;農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治三年行動的啟動實施,更是為農(nóng)村的發(fā)展提供了更加適宜的發(fā)展環(huán)境,“三農(nóng)”發(fā)展整體穩(wěn)中向好。
 
  農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部部長韓長賦指出,2019年的中央一號文件繼續(xù)對做好“三農(nóng)”工作作出了全面部署。要突出穩(wěn)中求進工作總基調(diào),著眼于穩(wěn)市場、保供給,穩(wěn)就業(yè)、促增收,穩(wěn)政策、促改革,穩(wěn)社會、促和諧;突出實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略總抓手,逐項明確階段性工作舉措;突出圍繞硬任務抓落實,細化舉措、壓實責任;突出農(nóng)業(yè)供給側(cè)結(jié)構(gòu)性改革主線,圍繞“鞏固、增強、提升、暢通”八字方針作出部署;突出發(fā)揮農(nóng)村黨支部戰(zhàn)斗堡壘作用;突出農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村優(yōu)先發(fā)展政策導向,進一步強化政策支持。
 
  “三農(nóng)”工作的五項硬任務
 
  2019年的一號文件“三農(nóng)”工作是圍繞五項硬任務作重點部署的。,打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)。第二,抓好糧食生產(chǎn)。第三,增加農(nóng)民收入。第四,改善農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境。第五,補齊農(nóng)村基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和公共服務短板。
 
  事實上,可以說這與2018年年底農(nóng)村工作會議上韓長賦所總結(jié)的2019年“三農(nóng)”工作的五件大事、要事、急事、難事不謀而合。這五件大事包括:堅決打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)、務必穩(wěn)定糧食面積和產(chǎn)量、農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治由點到面全面推開、“大棚房”問題清理整治按時保質(zhì)完成專項行動、毫不松懈做好非洲豬瘟防控工作。
 
  “木桶效應”強調(diào)了補齊短板在發(fā)展中的重要性,而2018年的脫貧攻堅工作無疑在力度、廣度、深度和度上都有了突破性進展,各項專項舉措更是扎實落地,實實在在做到了利民、惠民。但是我們依然不能否認“三區(qū)三州”等深度貧困地區(qū)依然是脫貧攻堅中難啃的硬骨頭,2019年,將打贏脫貧攻堅戰(zhàn)作為五項硬任務之一更是具有重要意義。
 
  糧食生產(chǎn)顯然是農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展的重中之重,優(yōu)化農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu),大力實施“藏糧于地、藏糧于技”戰(zhàn)略,統(tǒng)籌整合資金推進高標準農(nóng)田建設(shè)也是眾多省市在《關(guān)于實施鄉(xiāng)村振興戰(zhàn)略的意見》中的明確要求。
 
  而伴隨著“三農(nóng)”工作的進一步發(fā)展,人們對于人居的環(huán)境的要求自然也在進一步提高,2018年,中央農(nóng)辦 農(nóng)業(yè)農(nóng)村部等18部門印發(fā)的《農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治村莊清潔行動方案》。聚焦村莊環(huán)境衛(wèi)生難題,將于今年起在全國范圍內(nèi)集中組織開展農(nóng)村人居環(huán)境整治村莊清潔行動,帶動和推進村容村貌提升。
 
  提出大豆振興計劃
 
  大豆是的植物蛋白資源,隨著人居消費水平的提高,對大豆的需求也在不斷增加。此外,近年來的玉米產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)調(diào)整也是提出大豆振興計劃的重要原因。
 
  中央一號文件中主要從技術(shù)、結(jié)構(gòu)以及政策層面對大豆振興計劃給予支持。提出要穩(wěn)定恢復中國大豆種植面積,主要是在東北地區(qū)、黃淮海地區(qū)擴大大豆種植;在科研上加快、高產(chǎn)大豆品種選育,開展聯(lián)合攻關(guān),提高大豆品種的適應性、高產(chǎn)性和性;結(jié)合加工業(yè)發(fā)展,培育一些新的大豆企業(yè)、新的合作組織,提高大豆生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營的組織化程度和水平。
 
  深化土地制度改革
 
  處理好農(nóng)民和土地的關(guān)系仍然是深化農(nóng)村改革的主線,因此,中央一號文件對新一輪農(nóng)村改革作出了部署。
 
  保持土地承包關(guān)系穩(wěn)定并長久不變,扎實完成承包地確權(quán)登記頒證,妥善處理好、化解好問題,將土地承包經(jīng)營權(quán)證書發(fā)到農(nóng)戶手中,我們叫頒鐵證、吃定心丸;研究出臺第二輪土地承包到期以后再延長30年的配套政策,根據(jù)中央要求,制定配套政策,確保政策銜接,能夠平穩(wěn)過渡。
 
  要繼續(xù)深化農(nóng)村土地制度三項改革,就是土地征收、集體經(jīng)營性建設(shè)用地入市和宅基地制度改革。改革試點比較成熟的,在修改相關(guān)法律基礎(chǔ)上,完善配套制度,全面推開,加快建立城鄉(xiāng)統(tǒng)一的建設(shè)用地市場;試點不夠充分還不夠成熟的,要穩(wěn)慎推進,拓展改革試點,豐富試點內(nèi)容,探索適度放活宅基地和農(nóng)民房屋使用權(quán)的有效途徑,盤活利用閑置宅基地和閑置農(nóng)房,增加農(nóng)民的財產(chǎn)性收入。
 
  創(chuàng)新經(jīng)營方式,完善承包地“三權(quán)分置”的法律法規(guī)和政策體系。2014年,《關(guān)于引導農(nóng)村土地經(jīng)營權(quán)有序流轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營的意見》印發(fā),要求大力發(fā)展土地流轉(zhuǎn)和適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營,五年內(nèi)完成承包經(jīng)營權(quán)確權(quán)?,F(xiàn)已進入第五年,土地流轉(zhuǎn)和多種形式規(guī)模經(jīng)營*。
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