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首屆大米節(jié)今日開幕——農(nóng)機(jī)化助力糧食全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈共融發(fā)展

2018-10-09 17:18:56 來源：中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng)原創(chuàng) 作者：四夕 閱讀量：42366 評(píng)論

導(dǎo)讀：“凡邦有會(huì)同師役之事，則治其糧與其食。”大米在糧食安全中的戰(zhàn)略地位自古以來就頗為穩(wěn)固，“民以食為天”，農(nóng)業(yè)作為基礎(chǔ)性、戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè)，“一碗米”連著的是鄉(xiāng)村振興的大戰(zhàn)略，抓好糧食生產(chǎn)安全，意義重大。

　　【中國(guó)農(nóng)機(jī)網(wǎng) 熱點(diǎn)關(guān)注】“凡邦有會(huì)同師役之事，則治其糧與其食。”大米在糧食安全中的戰(zhàn)略地位自古以來就頗為穩(wěn)固，“民以食為天”，農(nóng)業(yè)作為基礎(chǔ)性、戰(zhàn)略性產(chǎn)業(yè)，“一碗米”連著的是鄉(xiāng)村振興的大戰(zhàn)略，抓好糧食生產(chǎn)安全，意義重大。
 
　　10月9日，中國(guó)首屆大米節(jié)在哈爾濱會(huì)展體育中心開幕，展會(huì)總面積為12000平方米，設(shè)立稻作文化展、精品大米展、包裝材料展、衍生產(chǎn)品展、燜煮工藝展、水稻品種展區(qū)、品評(píng)品鑒互動(dòng)區(qū)、碾米機(jī)展區(qū)、精品工具區(qū)等9個(gè)展區(qū)、260個(gè)展位，涵蓋了水稻全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈的各環(huán)節(jié)。
 
　　首屆大米節(jié)的主題為“稻米飄香世界”，采用“論、品、展、談、獎(jiǎng)、觀”相結(jié)合的形式，打造一場(chǎng)大米行業(yè)的盛會(huì)。論，開展稻米產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展暨大米品牌論壇；品，開展品鑒品評(píng)活動(dòng)，各國(guó)大米同臺(tái)競(jìng)技；展，展示與傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)代水稻生產(chǎn)、加工、消費(fèi)相關(guān)的衣食住行方面的稻作文化；談，開展廣泛的產(chǎn)銷對(duì)接和經(jīng)貿(mào)交流活動(dòng)；獎(jiǎng)，宣布2018中國(guó)首屆大米節(jié)相關(guān)獎(jiǎng)項(xiàng)名單；觀，參會(huì)代表進(jìn)行調(diào)研考察。
 
　　如果說本次大米節(jié)展示的是水稻全產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)中的成果，那么，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械在大米生產(chǎn)中的重要性更顯突出。農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化是農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的重要標(biāo)志，雖然我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)的全面全程機(jī)械化程度還尚有很大發(fā)展空間，但是不可否認(rèn)農(nóng)機(jī)行業(yè)的“十年黃金發(fā)展期”使得整個(gè)農(nóng)業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈都有了長(zhǎng)足的進(jìn)步，行業(yè)發(fā)展顯著。
 
　　伴隨著農(nóng)業(yè)智能信息處理技術(shù)、云計(jì)算、大數(shù)據(jù)、農(nóng)業(yè)與智能裝備等技術(shù)的應(yīng)用，農(nóng)機(jī)也更加向化、智能化、網(wǎng)聯(lián)化和綠色化發(fā)展，以智能化為支撐，農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械在糧食耕種管收各方面都發(fā)揮著至關(guān)重要的作用。
 
　　耕：土壤耕作機(jī)械主要是對(duì)耕作層土壤進(jìn)行加工整理的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械，耕整地機(jī)械具有打破犁底層、恢復(fù)土壤耕層結(jié)構(gòu)、提高土壤蓄水保墑能力、消滅部分雜草、減少病蟲害、平整地表以及提高農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械化作業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)等作用。
 
　　種：種植機(jī)械是按一定的農(nóng)藝要求將作物種子、種塊、種苗等種植物料播種或栽植在土壤中的農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械。在水稻種植過程中，使用農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械可以使得在單位時(shí)間內(nèi)排出種植物料的數(shù)量穩(wěn)定；在單位面積、單位長(zhǎng)度或每穴內(nèi)種植物料的分布均勻；種植物料在田間或地塊上配置的株距、行距、穴距和種植深度基本一致；種植過程中種植物料的損傷少，成活率高。
 
　　管：在水稻生長(zhǎng)期的田間管理方面，發(fā)揮作用大的無疑就是植保無人機(jī)了。植保無人機(jī)是用于農(nóng)林植物保護(hù)作業(yè)的無人駕駛飛機(jī)，通過地面遙控或?qū)Ш斤w控，來實(shí)現(xiàn)噴灑作業(yè)，可以噴灑藥劑、種子、粉劑等。使用植保無人機(jī)噴灑農(nóng)藥時(shí)，不但在一定程度上加強(qiáng)了對(duì)作物的穿透性，防治效果好，同時(shí)遠(yuǎn)距離操控施藥還大大提高了農(nóng)藥噴灑的安全性。還能通過搭載視頻器件，對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)病蟲害等進(jìn)行實(shí)時(shí)監(jiān)控。
 
　　收：谷物收獲機(jī)械是代替人、畜力完成谷物收獲全過程各項(xiàng)作業(yè)所用機(jī)械的總稱。一般在農(nóng)作物收獲期，我們往往需要爭(zhēng)搶農(nóng)時(shí)，盡量減少因收獲不及時(shí)而造成的產(chǎn)品損失和對(duì)田間后續(xù)作業(yè)進(jìn)行的影響，因此，農(nóng)民往往勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度大，而受到天氣等條件的制約使得生產(chǎn)效率又相對(duì)低下。因此，谷物收獲機(jī)械自然便是應(yīng)運(yùn)而生，實(shí)現(xiàn)收獲作業(yè)的機(jī)械化在爭(zhēng)農(nóng)時(shí)、趕季節(jié)、減輕勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度、提高勞動(dòng)生產(chǎn)率和改善勞動(dòng)條件等方面都具有重要意義。
 
　　與此同時(shí)，在糧食成熟收獲后，糧食烘干又成為了新的難題，“及時(shí)烘干，安全入倉”作為糧食生產(chǎn)全程機(jī)械化的后一個(gè)關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)，既能起到確保糧食安全的作用，又能得到有效提高糧食品質(zhì)的功效，對(duì)于國(guó)家糧食安全、農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)效益、農(nóng)產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量以及農(nóng)民增收具有非常重要的意義。隨著糧食市場(chǎng)的變化、土地流轉(zhuǎn)集中促進(jìn)規(guī)?；r(nóng)業(yè)的發(fā)展、農(nóng)機(jī)補(bǔ)貼政策的調(diào)整，糧食烘干機(jī)這個(gè)曾經(jīng)的“小、冷”機(jī)種，如今也變得炙手可熱。

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