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兩大巨頭牽手，農(nóng)機無人駕駛真的靠譜嗎？

2018-04-11 16:47:13 來源：中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 閱讀量：25635 評論

導讀：無人駕駛無疑是近段時間網(wǎng)絡關注熱點之一，公眾既期待能有真正成熟的無人駕駛技術，又對無人駕駛充滿恐懼，即便無人駕駛技術依然在不斷升級發(fā)展。而事實上，中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展也迫切需要自動駕駛與農(nóng)用機械的結(jié)合。

　　【中國農(nóng)機網(wǎng) 本站原創(chuàng)】 無人駕駛無疑是近段時間網(wǎng)絡關注熱點之一，公眾既期待能有真正成熟的無人駕駛技術，又對無人駕駛充滿恐懼，即便無人駕駛技術依然在不斷升級發(fā)展。而事實上，中國農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展也迫切需要自動駕駛與農(nóng)用機械的結(jié)合。
 
　　4月10日，百度與雷沃重工簽署戰(zhàn)略合作協(xié)議，雙方將以實現(xiàn)自動駕駛量產(chǎn)為目標，就農(nóng)機智慧化，尤其是自動駕駛技術、大數(shù)據(jù)分析等業(yè)務領域展開深度合作。兩大巨頭牽手，以AI賦能農(nóng)機行業(yè)，助推智慧農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展。
 
 
       1+1>2？
 
　　有關數(shù)據(jù)顯示,雷沃產(chǎn)品對我國小麥機收、水稻機收、玉米機收的貢獻度分別達到60%、30%、30%以上，耕種收綜合貢獻度達到40%以上?？梢哉f，雷沃重工在我國農(nóng)機裝備領域一直有著重要地位，此外，雷沃一直重視產(chǎn)品的創(chuàng)新研發(fā)，今年春耕就在新疆阿克蘇地區(qū)舉行的自動導航駕駛系統(tǒng)田間演示會上演示了全程化無人駕駛種植新成果。
 
　　百度副總裁、智能駕駛事業(yè)群組總經(jīng)理李震宇就合作事宜則表示：“一直以來，Apollo開放平臺不斷開放能力、共享資源，賦能眾多和合作伙伴，不斷探索自動駕駛落地新場景，加速了合作伙伴和人工智能結(jié)合后的產(chǎn)業(yè)升級。”他認為此次百度與雷沃重工的合作為自動駕駛技術落地提供了更多可能，同時這也將為農(nóng)業(yè)注入智能化基因，為農(nóng)業(yè)工作者‘減負增產(chǎn)’。
 
　　可以說兩大巨頭的合作勢必會為農(nóng)機無人駕駛技術提供新的思路，兩大企業(yè)的資源、技術、平臺等優(yōu)勢共享，為共同解決無人駕駛面臨的技術難題展現(xiàn)了可能。
 
　　無人駕駛農(nóng)機提高農(nóng)業(yè)效益
 
　　其實，早在這之前，美國、日本等農(nóng)業(yè)高度機械化的國家就針對無人駕駛農(nóng)機展開了研究。就是在我們國內(nèi)，這也不是提出農(nóng)機無人駕駛，2015年4月24日，在北京市密云縣河南寨鎮(zhèn)陳各莊村西的土地上，就曾有一輛無人駕駛拖拉機在展示田間作業(yè)。在拖拉機駕駛室內(nèi)裝有觸控式液晶顯示屏，顯示屏上，拖拉機作業(yè)的情況和田塊的環(huán)境等一覽無余。作業(yè)前設定好參數(shù)后，導航系統(tǒng)便引導農(nóng)機進入自動作業(yè)模式，開始進行直線耕作。隨著人造智能、跟蹤和安全技術的改進，無人駕駛農(nóng)機進一步發(fā)展。
 
　　“自動駕駛、無人駕駛農(nóng)機對提高農(nóng)業(yè)效益能起到非常大的作用。”全國人大代表、中國一拖集團有限公司董事長趙剡水介紹說，“自動駕駛農(nóng)機在進行起壟或播種作業(yè)時，作物株距均勻，非常有利于作物光照、通風，以及水分、養(yǎng)分吸收，也有利于施肥、噴藥等各類作業(yè)。無人駕駛農(nóng)機還可以根據(jù)地形地貌、土地肥力等條件，實現(xiàn)從播種到收獲，24小時不間斷作業(yè)、監(jiān)測和機組協(xié)同管理。”
 
　　無人駕駛農(nóng)機24小時不間斷作業(yè)，提高了農(nóng)機的使用率。另外，在一定程度上解放了勞動力，大大降低駕駛員的勞動強度，而且生產(chǎn)作業(yè)質(zhì)量也要比人工高。作業(yè)偏差小，減少了因駕駛員操作不當造成的土地浪費，避免重復作業(yè)，可以大限度地提高土地、種子、化肥的利用率。
 
　　無人駕駛始終是一個循序漸進的過程
 
　　就在上個月，一輛正在道路上進行測試的Uber無人駕駛汽車在鳳凰城撞上了一名女士，并且致其死亡，當時這名女士正在過馬路。也是大家對無人駕駛既期待又恐懼的原因之一。相對而言，比起備受關注的無人駕駛汽車真正實現(xiàn)上路，在不存在復雜路況的開闊田地里的無人農(nóng)機作業(yè)反而可能更容易實現(xiàn)。那么，農(nóng)機無人駕駛真的靠譜嗎？
 
　　在我們看到無人駕駛農(nóng)機帶來的種種好處時，我們也不能忽視技術發(fā)展過程中面臨的難題。我國農(nóng)田分布復雜，南方多以碎片化分布為主，而北方則是大面積的農(nóng)田集中化，針對這種情況，每臺機器的本地高度智能控制及遠程進行聯(lián)網(wǎng)就需要一個更加智能的協(xié)調(diào)控制系統(tǒng)。同時，無人駕駛農(nóng)機在不平坦地面以及陡峭傾斜的農(nóng)田工作時的系統(tǒng)是十分復雜的，將駕駛員在多年駕駛中磨練出的細微經(jīng)驗“傳授”給拖拉機也挑戰(zhàn)。此外，對于無人駕駛農(nóng)機作業(yè)的度方面，如除草機械或者采摘機械，如何在保證率作業(yè)的同時不傷害農(nóng)作物依然面臨困境。
 
　　無人駕駛始終是一個循序漸進的過程，我們要給之時間去升級成長。
 
　　結(jié)語
 
　　在“中國制造2025”戰(zhàn)略里，“智能農(nóng)機裝備”是擬突破的領域之一。在農(nóng)機智能化、自動化發(fā)展方面我們“任重而道遠”。
 
　　都說“守業(yè)比創(chuàng)業(yè)難”，在農(nóng)機無人駕駛領域同樣如此。復雜多變的世界里，每天科技都在不斷創(chuàng)新和發(fā)展，相對于提出無人駕駛，之后的不斷進步升級才更具挑戰(zhàn)和壓力，我們不妨多給點時間，讓這項技術究竟靠譜與否留待時間和實踐考量。

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